This study has the purpose to evaluate the effect of an ointment made from the ethanolic extract of S. tuberosum L. var. "Tumbay yellow potato" on skin induced wounds of Mus musculus Balb/c. MATERIALS AND METHODS Biological material Mus musculus Balb/c (30-35 g) males, 12-14 weeks old, obtained from the Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), were used for this investigation. All mice were kept in individual cages and standard photoperiod environmental conditions (12:12 dark: light cycle) ABSTRACT Background: Solanum tuberosum L. is an Andean tuber that is mainly characterized by its antioxidant properties. Objective: To evaluate the healing activity of an S. tuberosum-based ointment on wounds induced in mice. Material and methods: Ethanolic extracts of peel and pulp of tubers of S. tuberosum "Tumbay yellow potato" were prepared, which were incorporated into 1% and 2% ointment formulations. Mus musculus Balb/c with induced wound were distributed in the following working groups: Group I (Negative Control), Group II (Positive Control: Neomycin, Polymyxin B and Bacitracin Ointment) and Groups III and IV (Ointment at 1 % and 2% of S. tuberosum extract, respectively), daily administration of topical treatments were carried out for 07 days. Wound closure was determined during the experimentation time, then euthanized with sodium pentobarbital 60 mg/kg b.w. (i.p.) to obtain skin samples for histopathological analysis. Results: Groups III and IV showed that better evidence of wound closure and scarring in the histopathological analysis, the greatest effect being in Group IV. Conclusions: S. tuberosum ointments show healing activity in induced wounds in mice, the most effective treatment being the 2% ointment formulation.

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Learning and memory are linked, but they are different. Learning is a process by which knowledge about the environment is acquired and memory is the process by which knowledge is encoded, consolidated, stored and then retrieved. [10][11] Coding involves processes by which newly learned information is received when it is for the first time.Consolidation is a process that modifies newly stored and still labile information to make it more stable for long-term storage. Consolidation involves the expression of genes and the synthesis of new proteins, resulting in structural changes that store memory in a stable way over time. Storage refers to mechanisms and places that retain information over time. Recovery are processes that enable the retrieval and use of stored information. [12][13][14] Various types of memory have been proposed over the years,

Background and Aim: Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz and Pavón, a tuber native to South America, is characterized by its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties that contribute to wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate the healing effect of the topical T. tuberosum formulations (gel and cream) on induced wounds in mice. Materials and Methods: Here, an acidic ethanolic extract (1.5 N hydrochloric acid and 96% ethanol at the ratio of 15:85, v/v) was prepared with the tubers of T. tuberosum ecotype black and incorporated into topical cream and gel formulations at 1%. Thirty-twoBalb/c mice were divided into four experimental groups receiving daily topical treatments for 14 days: Group I (control; no treatment), Group II (a commercial ointment of neomycin, polymyxin B, and bacitracin), Group III (1% T. tuberosum gel), and Group IV (1% T. tuberosum cream). The wound closure in the mice was determined during the treatment; then, they were euthanized to obtain skin samples for histopathological analysis. Results: Groups III and IV showed a higher percentage of wound closure from the 6th day of the treatment. From the 8th day, the effect was greater in Group III. The healing effect was confirmed by the histopathological changes. Conclusion: This study concludes that the topical formulations of T. tuberosum demonstrate wound-healing activity in mice, and the most effective treatment is the 1% gel formulation.