<p><br />Diet rendah energi dan peningkatan aktivitas secara individual belum efektif dalam penurunan berat badan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari metode lain atau memodifikasi metode dengan membentuk kelompok peer group aktivitas. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis efektifitas aktivitas peer group terhadap kepatuhan aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan diet, penurunan berat badan dan persen lemak tubuh pada remaja overweight. Desain penelitian menggunakan Randomized Controlled Trial dengan rancangan eksperimental ulang pre-posttest control group design. Subjek penelitian adalah remaja putri overweight sebanyak 13 orang kelompok kontrol dan 13 orang kelompok perlakuan. Subjek dilakukan intervensi berupa jogging minimal 30 menit dan naik turun tangga sebanyak 10 kali per hari selama empat minggu. Ukuran kepatuhan diet diambil setiap minggu berdasarkan hasil recall 2x24 jam selama 4 minggu. Perbedaan kepatuhan aktivitas fisik dan kepatuhan diet diuji menggunakan Chi Square Test sedangkan perubahan berat badan dan persen lemak tubuh menggunakan ANOVA Repeated Measure Test. Ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kepatuhan aktivitas fisik (p=0,000) dan penurunan berat badan (p=0,004) antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol namun tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kepatuhan diet (p>0,05) dan penurunan persen lemak tubuh (p=0,382) antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Peer group efektif dalam meningkatkan aktivitas fisik dan menurunkan berat badan pada remaja overweight.</p>
Background : Chemical material such as formalin and borax should notfound in food because it can cause nausea, stomachache, vomiting, bloody defecation.But with reason to reduce production costs, take profits and extend the shelf life, many producers who still use these materials.This is due to lack of knowledge and the attitude of the producer indifferent to food security. Objective : Knowing the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of schoolboy snack vendors to the use of formaldehyde and borax in children's snacks in public elementary schools in the urban area of pedurungan Semarang city. Method : This research is a descriptive analytic study with cross sectional design, a total sample of 20 samples of schoolchildren's street vendors. In this study the measuring instruments used were questionnaires and interviews. The test used is Fisher's exact. Results : Trader's knowledge is mostly good (80%)and the attitude of traders mostly supports (60%). The bivariate test results obtained p value> 0.05 so there is no relationship between knowledge and attitudes of street food traders to the use of formalin and borax. Conclusion : The use of formalin and borax is not caused by the knowledge and attitudes of traders related to food security.
Jumlah wanita pre menopause yang menderita osteoporosis belum diketahui secara pasti tetapi risiko osteoporosis pada wanita cukup tinggi. Menganalisis hubungan antara Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), asupan zat gizi dan riwayat reproduksi dengan kepadatan mineral tulang pada wanita pre menopause Rancangan penelitian crosssectional, berlokasi di kecamatan Genuk, Semarang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling dan subyek penelitian sebanyak 60 orang. IMT dihitung berdasarkan berat badan (kg)/ tinggi badan (m) 2 , asupan zat gizi diukur dengan kuesioner food frequency semi kuantitatif, riwayat reproduksi dengan kuesioner dan kepadatan mineral tulang dengan ultra sound bone densitometry. MT subyek penelitian 43,3 % kategori normal. Tingkat kecukupan vitamin A,C,D; mineral Ca dan Fe tergolong rendah,sedangkan protein dan P tergolong cukup. Rerata usia pertama kali menstruasi 12,7 tahun + 1,33, rerata paritas 2,2 kali + 0,79, rerata usia pertama kali hamil 23,9 tahun + 3,62 dan rerata lama menyusui 19,3 bulan + 7,36. Rerata t-score Kepadatan mineral tulang-1,31 + 1,17 dan sebagian besar subyek penelitian (50%) termasuk osteopenia, 30 % normal dan 20% osteoporosis. Semua variabel independen tidak ada yang berhubungan dengan t-score kepadatan mineral tulang, akan tetapi ada kecenderungan positif pada IMT; asupan protein; vitamin A, D;mineral Ca,P,Fe; usia pertama hamil dan lama menyusui. Kecenderungan negatif pada vitamin C, menarche dan paritas. IMT, asupan zat gizi dan riwayat reproduksi tidak berhubungan dengan kepadatan mineral tulang, hanya umur yang bekorelasi negatif dengan kepadatan mineral tulang. Kata kunci: IMT ; asupan zat gizi ; riwayat reproduksi ; kepadatan mineral tulang ; wanita pre menopause Abstract [CORRELATION OF BODY MASS INDEX (BMI), NUTRIRIONS INTAKE, REPRODUCTIVE HISTORY AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN PRE MENOPAUSE WOMEN] There were no available data related to the prevalence of osteoporosis among the pre menopause women, while the women have high risk in osteoporosis diseases. To analyze correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI), intake nutrition, reproductive history and bo ne mineral density (BMD) in pre menopause women. The study was the cross sectional and. was done in Genuk, Semarang. Sixty subjects were choosen by cluster random sampling. Data collection included BMI that was computed as weight (kg)/height (m) 2 , nutrition intake measured with semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire, reproductive history with questionnaire and BMD with ultrasound bone densitometry. 43.3% of subject had BMI categorized as normal. The adequacy of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, Calcium and Iron was classified as low, while Protein and Phosphor was sufficient. The majority of subjects had first menarche at age of 12.7 years + 1.33, the mean of parity was 2.2 times + 0.79, and for age at first pregnant was 23.9 years + 3.62 , and for duration of breastfeeding 19.3 month + 7.36. The mean t-score of BMD was-1.31 + 1.17 and t-score was classified as Osteopenia, normal and osteoporosis....
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factors for metabolic disorders such as high levels of triglyceride, blood sugar, blood pressure, central obesity and the low of HDL(NCEP-ATP III criteria). These risk factors are important to detect earlier. The worldwide prevalence of MetS were increased up to 20 – 25% and based on Riskesdas data from 2013 to 2018, the prevalence of MetS component were increased.Objective: To examine the risk of physiology and behavioral factors towards MetS incidents in Tlogosari Kulon PHC area.Method: An observational research with case-control design which involved 50 sampels aged 25 – 65 years in Tlogosari Kulon PHC area. Physiology factors were included gender, age, and genetic history which were collected through interview. Nutritional status based on anthropometric measurement, meanwhile the behavioral factors, including physical activities which were collected using an IPAQ and the knowledge factors were collected through 20 question which were collected by interview. Triglyceride, fasting blood sugar and HDL were measured using a spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis were used Chi-Square and Logistic Regression.Result: The chi-square test showed that there were significant relations between age (95% CI = 1,510 – 21,424; OR = 5,688), nutritional status (95% CI = 1,446 – 17,922; OR = 5,091), genetic history (95% CI = 1,170 – 12,194; OR = 3,778) and physical activity (95% CI = 1,180 – 12,606; OR = 3.857) with MetS incidents (p0,05). The logistic regression test showed that age (95% CI = 1,271 – 33,256; OR = 6,502) and nutritional status (95% CI = 1,038 – 25,957; OR = 5,191) were the most dominant variables toward the MetS incidents. Physiology and behavioral factors were contributed 47,8% to the MetS incidents.Conclusion: Age and nutritional status affect MetS incidents in Tlogosari Kulon PHC area.
AbstrakHasil monitoring dan evaluasi program pemeriksaan komprehensif balita gizi buruk di kota Semarang tahun 2014 menunjukkan balita tidak bisa menghabiskan PMT, salah satu penyebabnya adalah balita mengalami kebosanan, sehingga perubahan status gizi dan kenaikan berat badan yang diharapkan tidak bisa dicapai diharapkan tidak bisa dicapai sehingga perlu dipertimbangkan bentuk alternatif formula makanan untuk balita gizi buruk. Alternatif tersebut dengan pembuatan makanan dalam bentuk crackers dengan menggunakan bahan dasar formula WHO F100 dengan mensubsitusi tepung labu kuning. Penelitian Ria dan Yuwono (2016) bahwa crackers dengan bahan dasar modifikasi F100 dengan substitusi tepung labu kuning sebesar 10% dapat diterima oleh balita. Memberikan pelatihan pembuatan crackers modifikasi F100 dengan substitusi tepung labu kuning pada tenaga gizi pendamping gizi buruk di Rumah Gizi Kota Semarang. Metode pelatihan meliputi ceramah, praktek dan diskusi penilaian peserta yang meliputi rasa, aroma, warna dan tekstur Sebagian peserta (80%) mampu membuat crackers modifikasi F100 substitusi tepung labu kuning. Uji daya terima yang dilakukan oleh peserta terhadap warna 3,56, aroma 3,14, rasa 3,44 dan tekstur 3,12. Crackers modifikasi F100 dengan substitusi tepung labu kuning dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif makanan tambahan bagi balita gizi buruk. Kata kunci: Crackers modifikasi F100 ; tepung labu kuning Abstract [TRAINING DEVELOPMENT OF CRACKERS MODIFICATION F100 WITH SUBSTITUTE FLOUR PUMPKIN YELLOW FOR POWER NUTRITION COACH NUTRITION BAD]Results of the monitoring and evaluation of programs comprehensive examination malnutrition children in the city of Semarang, 2014 shows a toddler could not spend PMT, one reason is the toddler suffering from boredom, so that changes in nutritional status and the expected weight gain cannot be achieved is not expected to be achieved so as to consider alternative forms of formulas for children malnutrition. The alternative to the manufacture of food in the form of crackers by using basic ingredients WHO F100 formula with flour substitute pumpkin. Ria and Yuwono study (2016) that crackers with basic materials modification F100 with pumpkin flour substitution of 10% can be accepted by a toddler. Provide training on making crackers modified F100 with pumpkin flour substitution on energy malnutrition nutrition assistant at Home Nutrition Semarang. The training methods include lectures, practice and assessment discussion participants include taste, aroma, colour and texture Most participants (80%) were able to make modifications crackers F100 pumpkin flour substitution. Acceptance test conducted by the participants of the colour of 3.56, 3.14 aroma, flavour and texture 3.12 and 3.44. Crackers modified F100 with pumpkin flour substitution can be used as an alternative food supplement for children with malnutrition.
Background : One athlete's performance is influenced by the availability of blood glucose during exercise. Carbohydrate drinks can supply energy during training and matches. Giving drinks containing 6-8% carbohydrates before exercise can help maintain blood glucose levels and delay fatigue in athletes. Objective : To determine the effect of guava fruit juice on blood glucose levels and muscle fatigue on athletes as a result of the Training of Salatiga Training Center (STC). Method : This type of research is Design Experiment with pre-post test control group design. The number of subjects was 26 soccer athletes aged 15-17 years at the Training Center for Salatiga Training Center (STC) who participated in the study. Research subjects received an intervention giving 250 ml of red guava juice and water drink (control). Drinks are given 30 minutes mid-workout. Muscle fatigue using the Running Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) method. Blood glucose levels and muscle fatigue are measured before and after exercise. Data were analyzed by paired t-test. Results : The average initial blood glucose level of the treatment group was 116.84 mg / dl and the control group was 122.34 mg / dl. The average blood glucose level at the end of the treatment group was 111.46 mg / dl and the control group 99.53 mg / dl. The decrease in blood glucose levels was greater in the control group by 22.84 mg / dl while the treatment group was only 5.38 mg / dl. The average initial muscle fatigue of the treatment group was 2.57 watts / sec and the control group was 2.46 watts / sec. The average end muscle fatigue in the treatment group was 2.13 watts / sec and the control group was 2.75 watts / sec. Increased muscle loss was higher in the control group. Conclusion : Giving red guava juice to athletes during the match can reduce the decrease in blood glucose levels during exercise compared to the control group (p = 0.012). There was no difference in giving guava juice to muscle fatigue in the youth soccer athletes of Diklat Salatiga Training Center (STC) (p = 0.26).
Background : Muscle fatigue in anaerobic activity occured, when athletes have high intensity activities. The accumulation of lactic acid in muscle and blood could inhibit muscle contraction caused low concentration and performance. Sitrulin in yellow watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) juice can delay muscle fatigue in anaerobic activity. Objective : To know the effect of Yellow Watermelon Juice (Citrullus lanatus) To Anaerobic Muscle Fatigue Index Athletes. Methods : This study used quasi experimental design with a pre-post test design group control design. The fourteen athletes who were randomly divided into control groups and treatment groups. The control group was given a placebo and the treatment group was given a 500 ml watermelon juice with a dose of 1,8gr of sitrulin during seven days. Yellow watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) juice are given 60 minutes before the test done. Anaerobic muscle fatigue in soccer athletes were measured using a RAST (Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test) by calculating the Muscle Fatigue Index. Data were analyzed by Independent t-test. Results : In this study there was an increase category of muscle fatigue index from good category (0.21-3.31) to very good category (<0.21), although both control and treatment group not significant different statistically (p = 0,532). The mean initial muscle fatigue index of the treatment and control group respectively (0.1157 ± 0.05) and (0.1486 ± 0.65). The mean final muscle fatigue index of the treatment and control group respectively (0.1229 ± 0.04) and (0.1371 ± 0.03). Conclusion : The adduction of yellow watermelon juice (citrullus lanatus) during seven days did not affect the reduction of anaerobic muscle fatigue (p = 0,532).
Background : Health education with the methods in games is more interesting than counseling methods in the classroom. The using of Quartet card media is the way as an alternative media to give information about the nutrition, which one using the game. Providing nutrition education through quartet card media is expected to increase breakfast habits, breakfast energy and protein intake and nutrition knowledge especially for elementary school. Objectives : To determine the effect of nutrition education on quartet card media on breakfast habits, breakfast energy and protein intake and nutritional knowledge about breakfast in elementary school students. Method : This study used the quasy experiment method with a pre test, post test and control group design. The Sampling was done by randomly to get 26 treatment samples and 26 control samples at the Elementary School in Pedurungan Kidul 01 and 02 Semarang City. The data collected were sample identity card (name, age, gender, parental education, parental work), breakfast habits, breakfast energy and protein intake and nutritional knowledge about breakfast. Data was collected by interview and answering the questionnaire. The results of bivariate analysis using the Paired T-Test, Wilxocon, Independent T-Test and Mann Whitney test. Results : There was an effect of increasing breakfast habits by an average of 1.71 ± 0.58, an increase in the amount of breakfast energy and protein intake and nutritional knowledge in the treatment group and a decrease in breakfast habits by an average of-0.34 ± 0.12 in control group before and after providing nutrition education through quartet card media with a value of p <0.05. Conclusion : Quartet card media about breakfast increases breakfast habits, breakfast energy and protein intake and nutritional knowledge in the treatment group.
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