Even though data was self-reported, and individuals tend to overestimate their height and underestimate their weight, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is considered high. More than half of the European population is overweight and obese. This study strengthens and updates the claims of an excessive weight epidemic in Europe.

This study tests Ajzen's 1 Theory of Planned Behavior in sport sciences with the purpose of determining which variables most influence students' entrepreneurial intentions. Although this theory has been employed to explain entrepreneurial intentions within different contexts, the context of sport sciences has not been addressed. A sample of 379 sport sciences students were administered the Entrepreneurial Intentions Questionnaire and results were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results indicate that both perceived attitudes and perceived behavior control have significant positive impacts on entrepreneurial intentions, while the impact of subjective norms is negative. Several suggestions to improve curriculum design and teaching in order to promote entrepreneurial intentions and behaviors are provided.

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This article reviews the literature on entrepreneurship education in the higher education context published over the first decade of the 2000s. The article has two purposes: to propose a framework of analysis to systematize and assess the literature; and to examine its main insights and contributions towards practice in the entrepreneurial classroom. The first decade of the 2000s is particularly relevant because it witnessed significant developments in the theoretical and empirical frameworks for the assessment of entrepreneurship education programmes and methodologies. The authors find that a very significant share of the research on entrepreneurship education over the period of analysis has sought to evaluate its results. There is not yet a consistent body of knowledge that can provide general insights and tools for practice. Practitioners need to pick and choose among pedagogical approaches and methods to select those that best suit their particular context.

Developing and assessing individuals' competence to identify business opportunities is of increasing importance in the current widespread introduction of entrepreneurship programmes in higher education worldwide. However, performance tests to assess opportunity identification competence (OIC) are scarce in the entrepreneurship education literature. This study elaborates on the development and application of such a performance assessment tool: the opportunity identification competence assessment test (OICAT). In the OICAT participants are asked to generate business ideas in the area of sustainable development. This study investigated how bachelor's students, and master's students following entrepreneurial courses, identify opportunities. The results suggest that the OICAT is successful in tracking individual differences in OIC. The OICAT could be used as a learning-oriented assessment, helping students find out both what they already can do and what they need for further improvement.

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Objective: Using a national representative sample of Portuguese adolescents, this study aimed to report the prevalence of overweight and obesity over 16 years, from 1998 to 2014. Methods: The total sample comprised 26,479 adolescents (12,711 boys and 13,768 girls) aged 11–16 years (mean age ± SD = 13.5 ± 1.7) from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Portuguese survey cohorts from 1998 (n = 5,999), 2002 (n = 5,454), 2006 (n = 4,430), 2010 (n = 4,702), and 2014 (n = 5,894). Weight and height were self-reported. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was calculated along with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The highest prevalence of overweight and obesity was achieved in 2010 (20.5%; 95% CI: 19.5, 21.9) and the lowest in 1998 (17.8%; 95% CI: 16.8, 18.8). The results of trend tests between 1998 and 2014 show that there was no significant change in overweight and obesity prevalence. Although the prevalence of obesity increased from 1998 to 2014 for the entire sample (0.8%; 95% CI: –5.5, 7.0), for boys (1.1%; 95% CI: –4.1, 6.3), and girls (0.5%; 95% CI: –4.5, 5.4), there were no significant changes in obesity prevalence. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Portuguese adolescents was around 20% between 1998 and 2014. The extent of overweight and obesity seems to have stabilized over time.