Currently, there are developed illnesses that encourage humans to do their own alternative medication. In 2002, an estimated shows that 92% of people in the world choose the alternative medication namely self medication, by using over the counter medicine including free and limited, however the level of knowledge in using this medication is still poor, then it is possible to make a mistake. Therefore, this research aims to find out the level of knowledge in using over the counter medicine including free and limited for self medication of society in RW 08, Morobangun, Jogotirto, Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta. This study belongs to descriptive observational to find out the subject characteristic, the level of knowledge and the description of the kind of medicine used by society of RW 08 Morobangun. The sample used in this study is the people who lived in Rw 08 Morobangun, Jogotirto, Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The data was taken from the interview with the patient by using the questionnaire. The sample collecting technique was nonrandom sampling and the method was accidental sampling with the number of the respondents were 175. The result showed that 175 respondents in RW 08 Morobangun, Jogotirto, Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta used self medication of over the counter medicine including free and limited only for their ailment. The level of knowledge in using over the counter medicine including free and limited for self medication of society in RW 08 Morobangun, Jogotirto, Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta showed that 42.9% reached the good category and 57,1% reached the sufficient category of 175 respondents. The conclusion of this study is the level of knowledge in using over the counter medicine including free and limited for self medication of society in RW 08 showed that most of the respondents achieved the sufficient category with 100 respondents (57,1%).

Proses pembedahan adalah proses pembukaan bagian tubuh yang akan ditangani dan diakhiri dengan penutupan dan penjahitan luka. Kondisi ini memungkinkan terjadinya infeksi yang dapat dicegah dengan pemberian antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai DDD penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien rawat inap bedah umum di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Cilacap. Evaluasi penggunaan obat dengan DDD bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran dosis pemeliharaan rata-rata per hari suatu obat yang digunakan sebagai indikasi utama pada orang dewasa.  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang akan dianalisis dengan DDD (Defined Daily Dose). Metode penelitian ini adalah retrospektif dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 162 rekam medis pasien dengan kriteria inklusi, pasien dewasa berusia 18-60 tahun yang mendapat terapi antibiotik serta data medis dan konsumsi obat lengkap pasien periode Januari–Juni 2019. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis pola penggunaan antibiotik dan dilakukan menghitung nilai DDD. DDD/100 hari tidur untuk gentamisin adalah 0,260. Ciprofloxacin adalah 0,279 untuk penggunaan parenteral, dan 0,112 untuk penggunaan oral. DDD sefalosporin generasi pertama adalah 0,391 untuk sefadroksil dan 4.092 untuk sefazolin. Sefalosporin lainnya adalah 0,012 untuk anbasin, sefotaksim 0,012, seftazidim 0,112, seftizoksim 0,056, seftriakson 25.893, sefiksim 0,335, sefoperazon 0,112, dan sefoperazon-sulbaktam 0,112. DDD/100 hari tidur untuk penisilin adalah 1.007, carbapenem 1.004, metronidazol 12.227, klindamisin 0,112, azitromisin 0,186 dan doksisiklin 0,223. Kesimpulan penelitian ini DDD/100 bed days tertinggi adalah ceftriaxone.

Anemia in pregnancy is one of the causes of death in pregnant women. Approximately, 41.8% of anemia cases occurred in pregnant women, with the highest prevalence rate of 61.3% in the African region and 52.5% in the Asian region. WHO states that 58% of anemia in pregnancy is caused by iron deficiency. The Public Health Office has promoted a program to treat anemia in pregnant women by providing iron supplements containing iron and folic acid. However, non-compliance in the consumption of these supplements is still a problem among pregnant women patients. This study aimed to determine the correlation between level of knowledge, perception, and compliance of pregnant women in consuming ferrous fumarate tablets in the Public Health Center (Puskesmas) Jetis 1, Bantul, Yogyakarta. This study used an analytic observational method with a cross sectional approach. The sample was selected using the consecutive sampling technique. Sixty respondents were recruited based on inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were pregnant women who had their pregnancy checked at Puskesmas Jetis 1 Bantul Yogyakarta, aged between 16-45 years, received ferrous fumarate supplements, were not deaf and not illiterate, and were cooperative. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed univariately using the frequency distribution (proportion) test and bivariately using the Chi-Square test. The results of the analysis showed that 43 (71.7%) respondents had a good level of knowledge, 29 (48.3%) respondents had a positive perception, and 39 (65.0%) respondents complied with the ferrous fumarate consumption. The correlation between knowledge level and compliance with ferrous fumarate consumption showed p = 0.002; OR = 6.05; CI = 95% (1. 79-20.51). The correlation between perception and compliance with ferrous fumarate consumption showed p = 0.935; OR = 1.05; CI = 95% (0.36-3.02). In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that there was a significant correlation between the respondents' level of knowledge and level of compliance with ferrous fumarate tablet consumption.

Self-medication is one of the efforts that is mostly done by a person in overcoming the symptoms of a minor illness that he is suffering from before consulting a health worker. The results of the 2014 National Basic Reasearch showed that the percentage of the population who chose self-medication or self-medication due to health complaints experienced was 61.05%. Many factors influence people to take treatment, one of which is advertising. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the effect of drug advertising on drug selection decisions and the accuracy of self-medication actions in the community in Umbulharjo District, Yogyakarta City. The design of this study was analytic observational with cross-sectional data collection. The sampling technique used incidental sampling method and data were collected through filling out a validated questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out with univariate and bivariate tests using SPSS 20.0. The results showed that the results of the significance test between the effect of drug advertisements on television on the accuracy of self-medication was 0.864. The conclusion of this study is that advertising has no significant effect on the appropriateness  of self-medication  (p 0.05).

Anemic in Pregnancy is still a health problem in Indonesia. Iron supplementation is a preventive measure carried out by the government in primary health services. However, the average coverage of national Fe tablets is still not maximal (85.1%). Research related to adherence to iron supplement consumption is still limited, therefore this study aims to determine the relationship between adherence level with anemia of pregnant women. The study used an analytic observational method with a cross sectional approach, conducted in the period August-November 2019 at Jetis I Bantul, primary health service Yogyakarta. A total of 39 respondents who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to informed consent were recruited in this study. Data on the level of compliance were taken through interviewing respondents using quistionnaire and pill count, at least on the 7th day after consuming iron tablets, while Hb levels were taken from medical records and examination of respondents. Statistical analysis was performed using chi square. Results showed that 61.5% of pregnant women complied with the consumption of iron tablets, while the measurement of the pill count showed 59.0% has complience. There was a significant correlation between the consumption of iron tablets and the incidence of pregnancy anemia, both adherence to the questionnaire measurement p = 0.000; OR = 0.050; (CI: 0.010-0.263), or the measurement of pill count p = 0.003; OR = 0.126 (CI: 0.030-0.538). A total of 15.4% of pregnant women have anemia in the 2nd trimester of gestation, and 25.6% in the 3rd trimester. Based on this study, it is concluded that there is a correlation between the level of adherence  of  Iron tablet consumption towards the incidence of anemia in pregnant women.

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Properly managing unused medications is crucial to mitigate potential adverse effects on public health and the environment. This investigation aims to ascertain patients' perceptions and explore potential correlations between demographic variables and attitudes toward disposing of unused medications. The present study employed an analytical observational design utilizing a cross-sectional approach. A sample size of 96 patients was obtained using the Lameshow formula. The study employed a purposive sampling technique. The study population comprised individuals who fulfilled the eligibility criteria and sought medical attention at the Umbulharjo 1 public health center in March-June 2022. The research instrument was a data collection sheet. Data analysis was completed using the chi-square test. According to the respondents' views on new medication disposal practices, most patients (46.9%) returned unused medications to healthcare professionals. Gender and disposal practices are significantly correlated, such as keeping unused medication at home (p=0.002) and providing it to the patient's family (p=0.049). Additionally, there is a strong association (p = 0.000) between educational background and the practice of keeping unused medications at home. According to this study's findings, up to 45 individuals (46.9%) returned unused medications to healthcare providers. There is a correlation between gender, socioeconomic factors, educational background, and attitudes toward discarding unneeded medications.

Interprofessional Education (IPE) merupakan pembelajaran yang interaktif, berbasis pembelajaran kelompok profesi, dengan menciptakan suasana belajar yang kolaboratif sehingga antar profesi dapat melakukan interaksi untuk menyampaikan pemahaman tentang interpersonal, kelompok, organisasi sebagai proses profesionalisme profesi. IPE dapat terjalin jika terdapat dua atau lebih mahasiswa kesehatan dengan bidang yang berbeda untuk belajar bersama untuk meningkatkan kualitas kolaborasi tenaga kesehatan pada lingkungan praktik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh IPE terhadap persepsi mahasiswa Fakultas Farmasi di Universitas Ahmad Dahlan (FFUAD) Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan one-group pre-test & post-test design. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner pre-IPE dan post-IPE, kuisoner IEPS (Interprofessional Education Perception Scale) yang dimodifikasi. Sejumlah 114 mahasiswa yang mengikuti program IPE . Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa mayoritas mahasiswa FFUAD memiliki persepsi yang lebih baik atau meningkat setelah mengikuti program IPE (83%) dibandingkan dengan sebelum mengikuti IPE (76%). Hasil uji paired sampel t-test pada signifikansi 95% menunjukan ada perbedaan rata-rata antara mahasiswa yang belum mengikuti IPE dengan mahasiswa yang sudah mengikuti IPE (P=0,000). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat pengaruh dari pelaksanaan program IPE terhadap persepsi mahasiswa FFUAD Yogyakarta.