Level I, randomized controlled trial.

These results suggest that the Brazilian version of the DERS is reliable both as a general measure of difficulties in emotion regulation and as a measure of the constituents of this construct. Future research should investigate the psychometric properties of the scale in clinical and nonclinical populations, with equal gender proportions and diverse backgrounds, and preferably employing longitudinal designs.

Objective Our aim was to explore the feasibility, and efficacy of a Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skill Training Group (DBT‐ST) as an add‐on treatment for adult attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Latin America. Method Adults with ADHD (n = 31) with stable medication treatment for ADHD and residual symptoms (ASRS > 20) were randomly assigned to DBT‐ST (n = 16) or treatment as usual (TaU; n = 15) for 12 weeks. Feasibility was accessed by attendance and completion rates at 12 weeks. Efficacy outcomes were measured with the ASRS, and performed at 0, 6, 12, and 16 weeks. Results The DBT‐ST protocol had 81.25% completion rate, with a mean attendance of 87.25% of the sessions. No significant interactions between group and time were detected for outcome measures. Discussion The DBT‐ST was feasible as add‐on treatment for adult patients with ADHD in Latin America. Replicating previous findings, DBT‐ST has shown no significantly higher improvement in ADHD symptoms in comparison with TaU. Registered at the Clinical Trials database (NCT03326427).

Background: Dialectical behavior therapy conceptualizes problematic behaviors as attempts to regulate emotions that occur when the individual lacks effective skills with which to manage his or her emotions and cope with distress. Problematic eating behaviors, e.g., binge and emotional eating, may serve to alleviate aversive emotional states, being highly associated with overweight and obesity. Dialectical behavior therapy skills training has been proven effective in reducing binge eating in several clinical studies. However, few studies reveal the effects of DBT on adaptive eating behaviors or the stability of outcomes. Objectives: This study aimed to test the effect of a brief DBT-based skills training intervention, and the stability of outcomes at 3-and 8-month follow-ups. Methods: Self-report measures of binge eating, emotional eating, intuitive eating, and mindful eating were taken on 5 timepoints before and after a 10-session DBT skills training intervention (2 baseline measures, 1 post-test, and 2 follow-ups). Data were analyzed using a mixed-model intention-to-treat approach and mediation analysis was conducted with path analysis. Results: After the intervention, intuitive eating and mindful eating scores were significantly higher than before the intervention, while emotional eating and binge eating scores were lower. The results remained stable during the follow-up period, with minor fluctuations and small trends towards returning to baseline values for binge eating and emotional eating. Mindful eating partially mediated the improvements in all outcomes. Limitations: Given that results are entirely based on self-report measures and that some instruments showed poor reliability, in addition to the high attrition rates, the results should be interpreted as preliminary. Conclusions: The results provide evidence that a brief DBT intervention is effective not only in reducing problematic eating but also in increasing adaptive eating, achieving reasonably stable results. Also, the mediation analysis results support the hypothesis that mindful eating partially explains the effects of the intervention on binge and emotional eating. Future research should address the limitations of this study by investigating a more diverse sample, triangulating different measurement strategies, and including other putative mediators.

Abstract. Comorbidities associated with crack-cocaine use are one of the major challenges for those who provide psychiatric services to this population, however, there are few studies examining these comorbidities fees on users of crack-cocaine. Objective: To compare users of crack-cocaine with the general population in relation in antisocial behavior. Methods: Cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive study, with a sample of 971 adults 18-59 years, chosen for convenience, divided into two groups -users of crack-cocaine and general population. To assess psychopathological aspects the Adult Self -report (ASR) was used. Results: A statistical analysis association through the chi-square test shows significant relationship between crack-cocaine users and antisocial behavior (p = .001 ). The binary logistic regression analysis by the backward conditional method has generated conditional adjusted variables for the gravity model for crack-cocaine use: male, adults in their 30s and 39 years, with low education and being in the clinical classification for problems with antisocial personality (OR = 14.466). Conclusions: The results found emphasize the importance of early detection of antisocial behavior associated with crack-cocaine users, which might improve the treatment and get better prognosis.Keywords: crack-cocaine, antisocial behavior, psychopathology.Resumo. Comorbidades associadas ao uso de cocaína-crack são um desafio para quem trabalha em serviços psiquiátricos com esta população, entretanto poucos estudos analisam o efeito destas comorbidades nos usuários. Objetivo: Comparar usuários de cocaína-crack com a população geral em relação ao comportamento antissocial. Método: Estudo transversal, quantitativo e descritivo com uma amostra de 971 adultos de 18-59 anos, escolhidos por conveniência, divididos em dois grupos -usuários de cocaína-crack e população geral. Para acessar aspectos psicopatológicos foi utilizado a escala Adult Self-report (ASR). Resultados: Uma análise estatística de associação realizada através do teste Qui Quadrado mostra uma relação significativa Antisocial behavior in crack-cocaine usersComportamento antissocial em usuários de cocaína-crack

O objetivo, neste estudo, foi analisar a relação entre o uso de cocaína-crack e o diagnóstico de transtorno de déficit de atenção com hiperatividade. Foram analisadas associações entre o grupo clínico de usuários de cocaína-crack e o não clínico, proveniente da população geral, de amostra de 971 participantes, que responderam ao Adult Self-Report. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas relacionadas à presença do diagnóstico de transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (p=0,001), como problemas de atenção (p=0,001) que podem estar relacionados a alterações associadas à busca por situações recompensadoras, como o uso de substâncias. Isso, aliado à impulsividade, nos dois transtornos, tornaria tal associação digna de formulação de diretrizes específicas a fim de maximizar a eficácia do tratamento.

Evidence indicates that binge eating correlates with weight related psychological symptoms and can interfere in successful weight management interventions. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) based intervention according to binge eating severity in overweight and obese women, analyzing differences on weight related psychological symptoms and weight loss after the intervention. Participants (56) were recruited to take part on a 7-hour workshop intervention based on ACT and assessed at posttest and 3-month follow up. The outcomes were assessed using the following self –report measures: BES, AAQ-W, CFQ, BSQ, MEQ. Different symptom reduction profiles were identified according to binge eating severity. The group with severe symptoms had a larger effect size when compared to other groups. Binge eating symptoms severity seems to influence treatment response in a brief ACT based intervention. Future exploration of the underlying mechanisms of binge eating are warranted.

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