Middle-income countries are facing a growing challenge of adequate health care provision for people with multimorbidity. The objectives of this study were to explore the distribution of multimorbidity and to identify patterns of multimorbidity in the Brazilian general adult population. Data from 60202 adults, aged ≥18 years that completed the individual questionnaire of the National Health Survey 2013 (Portuguese: “Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde”–“PNS”) was used. We defined multimorbidity as the presence of two or more chronic conditions, including self-reported diagnoses and responses to the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire for depression. Multivariate Poisson regression analyses were used to explore relationship between multimorbidity and demographic factors. Exploratory tetrachoric factor analysis was performed to identify multimorbidity patterns. 24.2% (95% CI 23.5–24.9) of the study population were multimorbid, with prevalence rate ratios being significantly higher in women, older people and those with lowest educational level. Multimorbidity occurred earlier in women than in men, with half of the women and men aged 55–59 years and 65–69 years, respectively, were multimorbid. The absolute number of people with multimorbidity was approximately 2.5-fold higher in people younger than 65 years than older counterparts (9920 vs 3945). Prevalence rate ratios of any mental health disorder significantly increased with the number of physical conditions. 46.7% of the persons were assigned to at least one of three identified patterns of multimorbidity, including: “cardio-metabolic”, “musculoskeletal-mental” and “respiratory” disorders. Multimorbidity in Brazil is as common as in more affluent countries. Women in Brazil develop diseases at younger ages than men. Our findings can inform a national action plan to prevent multimorbidity, reduce its burden and align health-care services more closely with patients’ needs.
Objective:to investigate attitudes related to suicidal behavior and associated factors, among students in the last year of an undergraduate nursing course. Methods:a cross-sectional study with 111 nursing students from a Brazilian educational institution. The data were collected in 2017, by self-administration of a questionnaire with sociodemographic characteristics, and the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire, which were analyzed by descriptive statistics, comparison of means, and correlation tests. Results:most of the nursing students had contact with someone with suicidal behavior, but did not have education related to the subject. The most negative attitudes were associated with the female sex, lack of materials on suicide prevention, and lower self-perception of professional competence. Suicidal thoughts throughout life were associated with the contact with someone with suicidal behavior, and less moralistic/condemnatory attitudes. Conclusion:investigations and interventions are necessary for academic qualification and prevention of suicidal behavior.
Background The attitudes towards suicide of emergency nurses may affect the care provided. However, the factors associated with these attitudes remain unclear. Objective To investigate attitudes towards suicidal behaviour and associated factors among nursing professionals working in emergency settings. Methods A cross-sectional observational study including 28 nurses and 118 who were nursing assistants employed at two emergency services in Brazil was conducted. Data were collected in 2015 using a self-administered sociodemographic questionnaire and the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire (SBAQ). Results The majority of participants reported having no experience or training in mental health or suicide. They reported more negative feelings towards the patient and a lower self-perception of professional competence regarding suicidal behaviours, and these attitudes seemed to reinforce each other. Nurses who worked in mental health services reported less moralistic/judgemental attitudes. Working in prehospital services was associated with having a lower self-perception of professional competence. There were professionals who reported thinking seriously about committing suicide. Conclusion When combined with support and training, practicing mental health nursing may serve as an opportunity to develop favourable attitudes and emotional competences, and these issues need to be addressed in suicide education strategies.
Objective: To investigate the suicide-related attitudes and associated factors among nursing undergraduates Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study, conducted with 244 nursing undergraduates from a rural higher education institution of São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected in 2016, by self-administration of a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire. The Spearman correlation coefficient and Mann-Whitney tests were used for data analysis. Results: Women presented more negative attitudes related to suicide. Men and students who participated in a psychiatric nursing discipline, class or laboratory on suicide, were perceived to be more capable professionally. Baccalaureate students who read specific material about suicide, or had ever thought about committing suicide, showed a less moralistic or condemnatory attitude related to suicide. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for educational interventions on suicide involving attitudinal knowledge.
OBJETIVO: identificar a associação de sintomatologia depressiva com variáveis sociodemográficas, exposição e dimensões do estresse ocupacional. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: trata-se de estudo transversal, com 1.239 trabalhadores da categoria técnico-administrativa de uma universidade pública do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Foram avaliadas questões sociodemográficas, sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa, uso problemático de álcool e estresse no trabalho. RESULTADOS: os servidores públicos relataram trabalhar sob baixa demanda psicológica e alto controle sobre o trabalho executado, além de atuar com baixa exigência. Cerca um quinto dos trabalhadores apresentou sintomatologia ansiosa e/ou depressiva e 13,2% preencheram critérios para uso problemático de álcool. CONCLUSÃO: os achados deste estudo indicam aspectos relevantes a serem enfocados por planos e estudos de intervenção, para prevenir o adoecimento mental dos trabalhadores, principalmente relacionado à sintomatologia depressiva.
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