Radiotherapy is used with or without chemotherapy for treatment of malignancies in pelvic organs. This radiation can cause functional effects on GIT organs. Radiation enteropathy continues to be a major obstacle to the radio curability of abdominal and pelvic tumors despite the advances in the field of radiation oncology. Aim of the study: is to identify the early adverse events of GIT toxicity due to pelvic radiotherapy and identifying risk factors. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study that included 30 patients (12 males and 18 females) their age ranged from 25-73 years who attended to the Al-Amal national hospital for cancer management in Baghdad, Iraq in 2018, those patients already diagnosed with different types of cancer (Uterine cancer, cervical cancer, vulvar cancer, rectal cancer, anal cancer and prostate cancer) and they need pelvic radiotherapy during their course of management. All parameters estimated depended on history which based on a questionnaire about the symptoms that related to the GIT radiation toxicity including (anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pain, constipation, and bleeding per rectum) according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0; from National Cancer Institute. Results:80 % of patients had symptoms associated with GIT toxicity. The most common early adverse events was pain (56.6%) and the least one is the blood in stool (0%). Most symptoms are of Grade 1 (70%) and the remaining are of Grade 2 (30%), Age and gender of patient are not associated with increasing risk of GIT toxicity. Incidence of the radiotherapy adverse events and their grades were increased in the conventional radiotherapy treatment modality as compared to the conformal radiotherapy modality (3D). Conclusion: symptoms associated with GIT toxicity are common after pelvic radiotherapy mostly of low grade. Pain is the most common presenting symptom and the least one is blood in stool. Radiotherapy treatment modality is important factor to avoid or decrease the risk of GIT toxicity, conformal radiotherapy is better than conventional radiotherapy.
Background: Chemotherapy is used to treat different types of cancer. Its use is associated with neurotoxicity, the most common of them is peripheral neuropathy. Taxanes are recognized to cause peripheral neuropathy of which Docetaxel is studied. Aim: To evaluate the neurotoxicity of Docetaxel and assess the protective effect of vitamin E in breast cancer patients. Methods: In a prospective placebo controlled randomized study, 60 women with breast cancer were selected. Patients had surgery and planned for chemotherapy administration. Chemotherapy protocol used is TAC that includes Docetaxel, Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide given every 21 days. They are assessed for neuropathy clinically and by nerve conduction study at the baseline and after completion of chemotherapy. They are divided into 2 groups each composed of 30 patients. The 1st group is given Vitamin E and the second group is given placebo. Results: showed that the incidence of neuropathy is the same in both groups, but it was less severe in Vitamin E treated group compared to the placebo group. Conclusion: vitamin E ameliorates the severity of peripheral neuropathy and can be used for this purpose. Recommendation: We recommend large multicenter studies to be done and using other agents that possibly prevent or ameliorate Docetaxel induced neuropathy in the future.
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