This paper discusses a study on the aspects of content schemata in second language reading, focusing on two contemporary short stories, i.e. 'A Quid of Sirih, A Bowl of Water' and 'The Lottery'. The study explores the cognitive processes of one UiTM Perlis degree level student, reflecting on his L2 reading processes. The objective of the study was to explore the role of content schemata in relation to learners' comprehension by looking at how the learner processed content-familiar and unfamiliar texts. One of the data collection techniques used was think aloud protocol. The analysis of the transcriptions was guided by the list of mental actions by Brown (1980). Two in-depth interview sessions were conducted to triangulate the data collected. The interview transcripts were analyzed for recurring patterns and then classified into categories. The findings imply that content schemata contributes to learners' understanding of a text as content schemata facilitates comprehension.
The issue of mastery of Arabic grammar has long been discussed by researchers as well as academicians. Until now, the problem of students' Arabic grammar mastery in Malaysia has been a grievance of teachers in schools and lecturers in Institutions of Higher Learning. There are two divisions of grammatical aspects that are difficult for students which have been identified, firstly the use of al-kalimat (words) and secondly, the use of at-tarakib (sentence construction). Therefore, this paper aims to discuss the problem of Arabic grammar mastery of students in Malaysia as well as how the role of Monitor Model Theory acts as a solution to address the problem of Arabic grammar mastery based on secondary sources. It also discusses the history of the development of Arabic language, the syllabus of the Arabic language curriculum in religious secondary schools as well as the learning of Arabic grammar in the Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah Syllabus and the Kemahiran Bersepadu Dini Syllabus. This paper will contribute to the knowledge of more effective teaching methods or approaches which in turn have an impact on pedagogy in the teaching of Arabic grammar to improve the students' understanding and reduce their errors in learning Arabic grammar.
Body image includes two aspects which are one’s perceptions towards one’s body size, weight, shape, as well as physical attributes or movements and feelings about these attributes, which consequently impact one’s behaviour. In this regard, the media plays a key role in defining emerging adults’ self-beliefs about themselves and how these attributes are further translated into behavioural outcomes. Guided by the Sociocultural Theory, this study is undertaken to probe the extent of media influence on Malaysian emerging adults’ body image and how this influence exerts on their emotions and behaviours. Through purposive sampling technique on 227 emerging adults enrolled at a Malaysian public university, a questionnaire probed the causal role of the media and its effects on the body image of these young adults. The study found that the media, particularly social media has a strong and significant influence on Malaysian emerging adults. However, a noteworthy finding is that the emotional states experienced by young adults are not always negative. Despite the constant flooding of advertisements on ideal beauty, weight and skin tone, the majority take the more rational and positive route in improving themselves and their body image by opting for exercise and change in diet regime. This implies that educators, parents, policy makers and the society at large need to constantly awaken the minds of the youth about the inevitable impact of the media and care should be taken to ensure frequent reinforcements and mitigation approaches.
Online Distance Learning (ODL) has been practiced widely around the world. The educational delivery of ODL provides learners vast opportunities to deal with the learning process, that includes time, place as well as pace of learning. Assisted by technology, ODL has tremendously improved the educational system in many ways. This erupts the possibility of implementing andragogical approach through ODL. Hence, this study, which is guided by Knowles’s theory of andragogy, is qualitative research investigating the issue of learning process via andragogical approaches of seven adult learners in UiTM Perlis, Malaysia. The study also seeks whether students’ attitudes vary differently among themselves throughout ODL so that their performance during class could be evaluated. The findings of the study support andragogical approaches which they positively affect the students’ learning experiences.
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