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Objectives This study aimed to compare the effects of different intra-articular injections using a mixture of hyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) versus hyaluronic acid and corticosteroid in the management of TMJ internal derangement with reduction. Materials and Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group I was injected with hyaluronic acid and PRP, while group II was injected with hyaluronic acid and corticosteroid. Pain intensity according to the visual analogue scale, maximum inter-incisal opening (MIO), lateral movement, and joint sound were measured pre-operatively and at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months post-operatively. Results MIO and lateral movements were improved in both groups, with a reduction in the number of patients suffering from clicking sounds along the follow-up periods with no significant difference between the studied groups. However, regarding pain, the group injected with HA and PRP achieved the best results after 6 months, while patients treated with HA and corticosteroids obtained the best results at the end of the 1st week. Conclusion Hyaluronic acid and platelet-rich plasma mixture performed better than hyaluronic acid and corticosteroid in the treatment of TMJ internal derangement with reduction at the long-term follow-up regarding pain intensity.

Background: Chronic sinusitis can be considered as a relative contraindication for sinus lifting procedure. Sinus lining with 6:9 mm radiographic thickening with or without partial sinus obliteration, is contraindicated for sinus lifting. Patients and Methods: A prospective comparative clinical study was carried out to evaluate the impact of chronic sinusitis on sinus lifting procedures regarding bone height and infection. Pre-operative and 6-months post-operative CBCT of 12 maxillary sinuses which underwent sinus lifting procedure with grafting and simultaneous implant placement (20 dental implants), were done to evaluate the average gained bone height. Two groups of 6 sinuses each; Group I included patients with healthy sinuses, whereas Group II included patients with chronic sinusitis ( identified by the presence of Schneiderian membrane thickening > 6 mm). Also, clinical follow-up was done to report the occurrence of any infection. Results: Statistically, there was no significant difference in average bone gain between the two groups with very small effect size; in group I: it was 7.241.45± and in group II: it was 7.231.78±. Regarding infection, there was no sinus infection in group I compared to one sinus with one implant (that was lost) in group II showed sinus infection three months postoperatively. Conclusion: Chronic sinusitis with a thickening of Schneiderian membrane > 6 mm may not be considered as a contraindication for sinus lifting with grafting and simultaneous implant placement.

platysma myocutaneus flap and forehead flaps [5] and also skin flaps as submental artery flap and buccal pad of fat flaps. [6] Ariyan in 1979 introduced the pectoralis major myocutaneus flap as one of the important reconstructive choices because of its simple technical aspects. PMMCF in either its myocutaneus or myofascial forms has been a mainstay flap for intraoral reconstruction and versatility in many institutions in the 1980s and 1990s. [7,8 ] In 1993, Martin introduced the Submental artery island flap (SMIF) which was broadly accepted by head and neck reconstructive surgeons. [9] Comparing between reconstructive flaps for a particular primary tumor site has never been done in a randomized method, and just sporadic retrospective studies comparing flaps were found in the literature. [10] The present study aims to compare the submental artery

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