The influences of medicinal plants Juniperus Phoenicea (Araar), Hyphaene thebaica (Doum), Anastatica hierochuntica (Kafta) and Cleome droserifolia (Sammo) as antidiabetic agents were investigated using female pregnant albino rats. Female rats were injected with 60 mg/kg b.w. alloxan to induce diabetes. Diabetic rats treated orally with the methanol extracts of tested plants till the 19 day of gestation. The present studies include the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations and nucleic acid system of liver in the female pregnant rats and their embryos. The results showed that injection of alloxan caused highly significant increase in chromosomal aberrations as well as in blood glucose levels as a result of diabetes in pregnant females. It also caused a high incidence of chromosomal deviation in embryos and decreased the liver soluble protein contents of female rats and their embryos. These effects in alloxanized animals were treated and improved by ingestion of the methanol extracts of the tested plants (Araar, Doum, Kafta and Somma) in which under their treatments, the inceased level of blood glucose of diabetic rats was deceased. Ingestion with the plants methanolic extracts improved and normalized the effects of diabetes in nucleic acids values of liver tissues. These were accompanied with nucleases (RNAase and DNAase) activities. The inhibited activities of both DNA ase and RNA ase of pregnant rats and their embryos were stimulated and readjusted around the normal values. Also administration of the plants methanol extracts decreased the percentage of chromosomal aberrations in the female rats and embryos. It is concluded that there are some biochemical dynamics which might occur in the metabolism of glucose, nucleic acids and proteins in order to prevent or to reduce the oxidative stress of diabetes by flavonoides treatment.
Background: Bisphenol A (BPA), an estrogenic compound, is one of the world's highest production volume chemicals used in polycarbonate plastics in many consumer products and epoxy resins lining food containers. The BPA is known to have toxic effects on various systems in man and animals. Objective: To evaluate the cytogenetic and biochemical changes induced by BPA on testis of albino rats and the possible protective effect of black seed oil. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 80 rats, divided into four equal groups (20 rats each). Group I: negative control. Group II: received black seed oil (2ml/ kg BW), Group III: administered BPA (25mg/ kg BW), Group IV: administered BPA + black seed oil of same doses. Blood, testis and epididymis were collected for biochemical and cytogenetic evaluation. Results: BPA caused a significant decrease in sperm count, total content of DNA, RNA and protein in the testis, with a significant increase of DNA damage of spermatocyte, head and tail abnormalities compared to controls. Co-administration of BPA+ black seed oil resulted in a significant improvement of sperm count, total content of DNA, RNA and protein with significant decrease in DNA damage of spermatocyte and head and tail abnormalities compared to BPA group. Also, BPA group showed a significant decrease in serum testosterone and catalase levels, with a significant increase of super-oxide dismutase (SOD) compared to controls. However, BPA + black seed oil group showed significant improvement of serum testosterone, catalase and SOD levels compared to BPA group. Conclusion: Exposure of rats to BPA resulted in reproductive toxicity through inducing significant DNA damage and impaired synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein in testicular tissue. Black seed oil attenuate oxidative damage in rat testis via upregulating the activities of enzymatic antioxidants catalase and SOD.
Introduction: DDB (Dimethyl -4,4 /dimethoxy -5,6,5 / ,6 /dimethlenedioxybiphenyl -2,2dicarboxylate) is important drug of medicine not expensive since large number of people are using it in virus B and C cases for very large periods extend to many years.The protective of DDB on chemically induced damage was studied in primary cultures of mammals hepatocytes.Results:This work study of cytogenetic and biochemical effect of DDB, in mice using the chromosomes of bone marrow of male and pregnant female shown some changes with liver embryos. Also germ cells of testes given non significant aberration when compared with control.As well as some biochemical parameters in serum and tissues, shown non significant changes in nucleic acid, total protein, total cholesterol, total glucose, total triglycerides and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Also, enzyme analysis of liver function and kidney.
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