ObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence of variant hemoglobins in different health regions.MethodsA descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach based on secondary data in the internal records of the neonatal screening service - Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado do Piauí (PI, Brazil). The variables related to sex, ethnicity and positive diagnosis for variant hemoglobins were analyzed, with further population distribution of hemoglobinopathies among the macroregions of the state.ResultsA total of 69,180 samples of newborns were analyzed, and 3,747 were diagnosed as hemoglobinopathies, from February 1st, 2014 and December 31st, 2015. Sickle cell trait was the most frequent (4.1%), followed by hemoglobinopathy C in 0.9%; homozygous hemoglobin S cases 0.1% stood out and there were no cases of hemoglobinopathy D in the state. It is also worth noting that the highest frequencies of hemoglobin alterations in Piauí were in males (49.8%) and of parda skin color (38.5%). The region of Piauí presenting the highest incidence of heteroygous variant hemoglobins was Tabuleiros do Alto Parnaíba and Vale do Sambito, due to importance of the region's population Entre Rios.ConclusionNeonatal screening programs are important for screening, orientations regarding health actions and monitoring of families with hemoglobinopathies, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality rates.
Diabetes mellitus consists of a chronic disease that currently stands out for its associated morbidity and mortality. The therapy is based on the association of different drugs and requires a change in the habits of the patients. The objective of the present study was to analyze the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus assisted by the Specialized Component of Pharmaceutical Assistance of the state of Piauí. This was a descriptive, crosssectional study and analysis of social, demographic, economic, biochemical and anthropometric parameters. From the 93 participants, 66.7% were female, 57% had an average age of 60.5 years and 50.5% had a weight above 69 kg. The predominant family income was one minimum wage salary and the level of education reported was completed secondary education. It was found that 53.8% of the participants practiced regular physical activity and 87.1% had food restrictions. The most commonly used drug was vildagliptin. It was proven that 52.7% had unsatisfactory glycemic control considering the levels of HbA1c, as well as a necessity of a public state clinical protocol that regulates the dispensation of oral hypoglycemic agents in the state.
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