ObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence of variant hemoglobins in different health regions.MethodsA descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach based on secondary data in the internal records of the neonatal screening service - Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado do Piauí (PI, Brazil). The variables related to sex, ethnicity and positive diagnosis for variant hemoglobins were analyzed, with further population distribution of hemoglobinopathies among the macroregions of the state.ResultsA total of 69,180 samples of newborns were analyzed, and 3,747 were diagnosed as hemoglobinopathies, from February 1st, 2014 and December 31st, 2015. Sickle cell trait was the most frequent (4.1%), followed by hemoglobinopathy C in 0.9%; homozygous hemoglobin S cases 0.1% stood out and there were no cases of hemoglobinopathy D in the state. It is also worth noting that the highest frequencies of hemoglobin alterations in Piauí were in males (49.8%) and of parda skin color (38.5%). The region of Piauí presenting the highest incidence of heteroygous variant hemoglobins was Tabuleiros do Alto Parnaíba and Vale do Sambito, due to importance of the region's population Entre Rios.ConclusionNeonatal screening programs are important for screening, orientations regarding health actions and monitoring of families with hemoglobinopathies, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality rates.
The study aims to evaluate the conformity of the prescriptions dispensed in a Basic Health Unit, according to RDC nº 357/2001. This was a cross-sectional, observational and retrospective study carried out from January to December 2017 at the Pharmacy of the Basic Health Unit of Vila Coelho Dias in Bacabal - Maranhão, using as sample the second copies of medical prescriptions that were retained in the pharmacy. During the analyzed period, 922 prescriptions were found; of these, 488 (52.9%) were excluded because they were considered transcriptions made by nurses. Of the total medical prescriptions analyzed, 42 (10%) were illegible, 96 (22%) legible and 296 (68%) poorly legible. The study also shows that 100% of the prescriptions have the patient's name, but age and address are absent in all prescriptions. Regarding the variables related to the prescription, 100% presented the date and signature of the prescriber and only 18 (4.15%) presented erasures. Note that 67.1% (n=291) reported dosage, concentration was absent in 34.4% (n=144), pharmaceutical form was present in 67.2% (n=292), duration of treatment was absent in 85.71% (n=372) and 49.1% (n=231) had the route of administration. It was found in the present study that prescription errors ranged from readability to the variables analyzed, both for the patient, prescriber and the drug, which allowed us to conclude that the legal aspects of the prescription continue to be violated by prescribers.
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