Maternal consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy and lactation is closely related to hepatic lipid accumulation, insulin resistance and increased serum cytokine levels in offspring and into their adulthood. MicroRNA (miRNA) have been implicated in cholesterol biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism. We evaluated the modulation of hepatic fatty acid synthesis (de novo), b-oxidation pathways, and miRNA-122 (miR-122) and miRNA-370 (miR-370) expression in recently weaned offspring (day 28) of mouse dams fed a HFD (HFD-O) or a standard chow (SC-O) during pregnancy and lactation. Compared with SC-O mice, HFD-O mice weighed more, had a larger adipose tissue mass and were more intolerant to glucose and insulin (P,0·05). HFD-O mice also presented more levels of serum cholesterol, TAG, NEFA and hepatic IkB kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation compared with SC-O mice (P,0·05). Protein levels of fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase were similar in HFD-O and SC-O mice, whereas expression levels of SCD1 mRNA and protein were more abundant in HFD-O mice than in SC-O mice (P,0·05). Interestingly, mRNA expression levels of the b-oxidation-related genes ACADVL and CPT1 were decreased in HFD-O mice (P,0·05). Furthermore, the expression of miR-122 was reduced but that of miR-370 was increased in HFD-O mice compared with that in SC-O mice (P,0·05). Changes in hepatic lipid metabolism were accompanied by increased mRNA content of AGPAT1 and TAG deposition in HFD-O mice (P,0·05). Taken together, the present results strongly suggest that maternal consumption of a HFD affects the early lipid metabolism of offspring by modulating the expression of hepatic b-oxidation-related genes and miRNA that can contribute to metabolic disturbances in adult life.

No abstract

The interest in terahertz photometric and imaging measurements has motivated the development of bandpass resonant filters to be coupled to multiple-pixel devices such as bolometer arrays. Resonant grids are relatively simple to fabricate, exhibiting high transmission at the central frequency, a narrow bandpass, and good rejection of the side frequencies of the spectrum. We have fabricated filters centered at different frequencies between 0.4 and 10 THz, using photolithography and electroforming techniques. Transmission measurements have shown center frequencies and bandwidths close to the design predictions. The performance of the filters was found not to be critically dependent on small physical deformations in the mesh, becoming more noticeable at higher frequencies (i.e., for smaller physical sizes). Wider bandwidths, needed to attain higher sensitivities in the continuum, were obtained by changing the design parameters for filters at 2 and 3 THz.

Terahertz frequencies experiments has motivated the development of new sources, detectors and optical components. Here we will present a review of THz bandpass filters ranging from 0.4 to 10 THz. We also demonstrate our fabrication process, simulations and experimental results.

The solar submillimeter-wave telescope (SST) is the only one of its kind dedicated to solar continuous observations. Two radiometers at 0.740 mm (405 GHz), and four at 1.415 mm (212 GHz) are placed in the Cassegrain focal plane of the 1.5-m dish at El Leoncito high altitude site, San Juan, Argentina. The aperture efficiencies are close to design predictions: 20% and 35% for 2 and 4 arcminutes beam sizes at 405 and 212 GHz, respectively. The positioner absolute pointing accuracy is 10 arcseconds. Spectral coverage is complemented by ground-based mid-infrared telescopes developed for high cadence observations in the continuum 10 micron band (30 THz), using small apertures and roomtemperature microbolometer cameras. Using the system, a new solar burst spectral component was discovered, exhibiting fluxes increasing for smaller wavelengths, separated from the well known microwave component. Rapid subsecond pulsations are common for all bursts. The pulsations onset times of appear to be connected to the launch times of CMEs. Active regions are brighter for shorter submillimeter-waves. Mid-IR bright regions are found closely associated with calcium plages and magnetic structures near the solar photosphere. Intense and rapid 10 micron brightening was detected on active centers in association with weak flares. These results raise challenging difficulties for interpretation

Concerns about maintaining a healthier diet and consuming less processed foods with chemical additives have been growing over many years because it is known that the accumulation of these substances in the body can influence the development of cancerous diseases. Against this backdrop, the food industry is seeking alternatives derived from natural sources, such as plants and vegetable oils that are rich in bioactive compounds, to be used as substitutes for artificial compounds (Khorshidian, Yousefi, Khanniri, & Mortazavian, 2017; Radünz et al., 2019). Essential oils can be considered as a potential source of industrial applications due to their biological and medicinal properties. They act as bactericides, fungicides, virucides, parasiticides, analgesics

Solar flare emission was measured at 212 GHz in the submillimeter range by the Submillimeter Solar Telescope in the 1.2-18 GHz microwave range by the Owens Valley Solar Array and in the gamma-ray energy range (continuum) by experiments on board the Yohkoh (>1.2 MeV) and Shenzhou 2 (>0.2 MeV) satellites. At the burst onset, the submillimeter and microwave time profiles were well correlated with gamma rays to the limit of the temporal resolution ( 10 s). At 212 GHz, fast pulses (<1 s), defined as time structures in excess of the bulk emission, were identified as the flux increased. Their spatial positions were scattered by tens of arcseconds with respect to the main burst emission position. Correlation of submillimeter emission with gamma-ray fast time structures shorter than 500 ms is suggested at the gamma-ray maximum. The time variation of the rate of occurrence of the submillimeter rapid pulses was remarkably well correlated with gammaray intensities in the energy range (>1.2 MeV), attaining nearly 50 pulses per minute at the maximum. These results suggest that gamma rays might be the response to multiple rapid pulses at 212 GHz and might be produced at different sites within the flaring region.

Há diferentes abordagens à integração da Interação Humano-computador à Engenharia de Software. Nessas abordagens, a avaliação de interface de usuário é reconhecida como importante estratégia para promover a qualidade de uso de sistemas de software. No contexto atual, onde o isolamento social se faz necessário como forma de combate à pandemia por COVID-19, várias atividades passaram a ser realizadas remotamente, inclusive avaliações de interfaces de usuário. Neste artigo, abordamos três casos de avaliação de interface de usuário que foram conduzidos de modo totalmente remoto. Como resultados apresentamos os protocolos para três métodos de avaliação remota.