Objective:To calculate the rate of rejected specimens received in hematology laboratory stratified by area of collection and reason of rejection. Design: Retrospective study conducted at Sir T General Hospital and Govt. Medical College, Bhavnagar, for twelve months period; January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013. Data were retrieved from the laboratory records. Results: The rate of specimen rejection was highest in the medical ward and clotted specimens were the commonest cause for rejection followed by wrong patent identification. Conclusion: A constellation of factors, mainly related to phlebotomy technique and wrong patient identification are the reasons for rejection of specimens in the hematology laboratory. The phlebotomy technique may be wrong, there may be lesser efficiency of the staff in phlebotomy and inability of correct patient identification maybe reasons for this observation.
Background: Inflammation, Infections, occupational diseases and neoplastic lesions are common in lungs. In Autopsy internal organs including lungs are studied to decide cause of death and figure out prevalence of various lung lesions. So, prophylactic prevention plan can be prepared for prevention of various lung lesions induced mortality and reducing need for invasive biopsy as well. Aim & objective: To find out frequency of various lung lesions in relation to age and sex and analyze histopathological spectrum of lung lesions. Material & Methods: Non interventional, record based cross sectional, retrospective autopsy study was done on 139 cases of lung autopsy samples at department of pathology of tertiary care hospital, Bhavnagar, Gujarat for 2 years on samples received from January 2016 to January 2018. Lungs were fixed in 10% formalin & processed. Paraffin wax embedding was done & sections stained with H&E stain. Gross and microscopic examination of samples done and diagnosis was done. All findings were recorded and tabulated. Conclusion: Pneumonia is most common observed pathological lung lesion in our study which suggest that infections of lungs are common cause for mortality. Therefore, we suggest effective implementation of measures to prevent hospital acquired pneumonia may reduce mortality. Smoking was associated in nearly 70% patients. Autopsy study of such lung lesions can provide vision to plan preventive strategy to reduce mortality due to lung pathology.
Background: Lymphadenopathies in the neck region is the most frequently sent for the cytology evaluation from the clinicians, involvement in regional and systemic diseases and their easy accessibility make the FNAC as a primary workup. Inflammatory and immune reactions are the most frequent causes of lymph node enlargement and are self limiting in majority of cases. Tuberculosis can also be diagnosed by cytology of affected lymph nodes. With the advent of FNAC, most of the inflammatory, reactive and neoplastic conditions can be diagnosed without biopsy. It has the advantage that it can be done safely, rapidly and cheaply with minimal trauma at an outpatient setup or at the bedside.Methods: This study was conducted at cytology section of pathology department of our institute. Patients from ENT, Surgery, Medicine, Pulmonary medicine departments were referred for FNAC. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. It included patients with lymphadenopathies in cervical region. FNAC was conducted with the help of a 24 guage disposable needle attached to a 10cc syringe. Conclusion:FNAC is a safe, simple & inexpensive primary immediate diagnostic procedure and workup for lymph node enlargements, especially in cervical lymphadenopathies where biopsies are not done routinely.
IntroductionPleural fluid cytology is a simple and a minimally invasive technique as the preliminary step for the diagnostic evaluation of pleural effusions, assisting the clinician in establishing the differential diagnosis. It may lead to final diagnosis and provide useful information for treatment. The diagnostic yield of the cytological analysis may be attributable to the cell population present in the sediment that is representative of a much larger surface area than the pleural biopsy [1,2] . It is very useful in the very first initial work up for the management of the case of pleural effusion. It may also provide crucial clues for the identification of both non-malignant pleural and transudative effusions. Sensitivity will be higher if the clinical, radiological and laboratory results are collaborated. This study was carried out to determine the diagnostic utility of pleural fluid cytology. Materials and MethodsThe study was conducted in the Department of PathologyCytology section of Govt. Medical College and Sir T Hospital, Bhavnagar (Gujarat). It's a retrospective study of cytology impression of pleural fluids for one year duration from January 2015 to December 2015. Pleural fluids which received for cytological analysis from the various departments of our institute with the proper complete history and clinical brief are included in the study. These fluid samples were examined for physical properties like the volume, color, appearance, turbidity, presence of clot coagulum. Fluids samples are then centrifuged at 2000 rpm for five minutes. Smears made from the sediment part of centrifuged fluid and stained with Giemsa, Hematoxylineosin and Papanicolaou stains. Smears were examined for the differential cell count and reported descriptively, final impression given as malignant or non-malignant pleural effusion. Malignant pleural effusions were further classified according to its morphometrics. Study results then analyzed with the help of tables and charts and discussed for its incidence rate. ResultIn our study during the year 2015 total 295 cases of pleural fluids were examined for cytology. Out of 295 pleural fluids specimens 84 samples were of females and remaining 211 were of males, so here male is to female ratio of pleural fluid specimens was 2.5:1CHART-1. The pulmonary department had sent pleural fluid examination mostly among the all other departments. Pleural effusions
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