Genetic diversity of accessions of the mangaba germplasm bank in Sergipe, BrazilAbstract -The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic variability of mangaba accessions of natural populations, from 11 locations, using RAPD markers. The accessions belong to Banco Ativo de Mangaba of Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, in Itaporanga d'Ajuda, SE, Brazil. A total of 13 primers were used, which generated 82 fragments, of which 78 (95%) were polymorphic. Genetic analysis among regions showed low genetic diversity; however, genetic similarity ranged from 0.02 to 0.91, for the 55 accessions. Divergent groups were identified by UPGMA and ACoP clustering. The least similar accessions were derived from Ipiranguinha (Conde, PB, Brazil) and Preguiça (Indiaroba, SE, Brazil), and the most similar from Jandaíra (Costa Azul, BA, Brazil). From the total, 49 accessions were genetically distinct and six were similar. By using RAPD markers, it was possible to obtain a unique molecular profile, besides estimating the variability among the accessions evaluated. The Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de Mangaba of Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros shows low genetic diversity among locations.

This is the first known large-scale molecular study of simple sequence repeats loci based on pear cultivars from the northwestern Iberian Peninsula. Most of the Spanish pear crop (one of the largest in Europe) is based on the Spanish cultivar Blanquilla and various other foreign cultivars. However, local cultivars can still be found in old orchards in northwestern Spain. Between 1978 and 1981, the Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo (Xunta de Galicia) established a Germplasm Bank of local pear cultivars containing 221 accessions. In the current study, these were analysed and compared with 20 commercial cultivars of Pyrus spp. using 19 microsatellites. We identified 127 genotypes out of 221 accessions with an average of 43% clonality in this collection. Genotypes were analysed using a model-based Bayesian procedure (Structure), factorial correspondence analysis and molecular variance analysis, and Jaccard coefficients were estimated. Four reconstructed populations were identified by Structure, one related to Asian cultivars, two to French and English cultivars and one to Galician cultivars. The four identified groups of pears had evolved independently. This study explains the diversification process in pear cultivars from northwestern cultivars based on hybridization (16%), selection of triploids (38%) and the introgression of commercial cultivars in the collection (4%).

Restrição hidrica em sementes de... RESTRIÇÃO HÍDRICA EM SEMENTES DE JENIPAPO (Genipa americana L.) 1RESUMO -O jenipapo, originário da América Latina, pertence à família Rubiaceae e apresenta valor madeireiro e alimentício, sendo explorado sem estratégias de conservação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da restrição hídrica, por meio de duas metodologias, na germinação de sementes de Genipa americana L. A primeira foi realizada com sementes imersas em soluções de polietilenoglicol (PEG 6000) por 18 dias a 0,0; -0,1; -0,3 e -0,4 MPa à 20ºC, simulando condições de alagamento, e após este período as sementes foram colocadas para germinar em placas de Petri com folhas de papel tipo mata-borrão umedecidas em água. A segunda utilizou os mesmos potenciais osmóticos umedecendo-se os papéis tipo mata-borrão, para simular a restrição hídrica. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com 4 repetições de 25 sementes. Para as sementes imersas em soluções de PEG, o potencial -0,3MPa permite condicionamento osmótico, enquanto à -0,4MPa interfere no vigor. Para as sementes embebidas em papel, ocorre redução da germinação em função do tempo, até não se observar eventos para potenciais a partir de -0,3 MPa. 0.0, -0.1, -0.3, and -0.4 WATER RESTRICTION IN JENIPAPO SEEDS (Genipa americana L.) ABSTRACT -The jenipapo is a native species from Latin America, belonging to the Rubiaceae family and presents great timber value and alimentary, being exploited without conservation strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the water restriction effect, using two methodologies for the Genipa americana L. seeds germination. The first methodology was performed with immersed seeds in polyethylene glycol solutions (PEG 6000) for 18 days at

A mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) é uma espécie nativa do Brasil que apresenta importância econômica, social e cultural nas principais áreas onde ocorre. A preocupação com a devastação das áreas naturais da espécie resultou no estabelecimento de um Banco Ativo de Germoplasma, em Sergipe, o principal estado produtor. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar a diversidade genética existente nesse BAG, utilizando marcadores RAPD. A utilização de 12 iniciadores de síntese permitiu a obtenção de 106 bandas, sendo 92 delas polimórficas (86,79%). Foram detectados diferentes coeficientes de similaridade, e a média entre eles foi de 0,40 (± 0,04), sendo que a amplitude genética variou entre 0,08 (± 0,04) e 0,60 (± 0,05). Os indivíduos M1 (Pará) e M14 (Bahia) foram os mais diferentes na população, e os pares de indivíduos M9 e M10 (Bahia) foram os mais semelhantes. Três pares de indivíduos foram identificados como mais divergentes (M2, M4 e M14) e indicados para futuros estudos.Palavras-chave: Banco de germoplasma, diversidade, RAPD. Genetic diversity between Hancornia speciosa Gomes varieties ABSTRACTHancornia speciosa Gomes is a native plant of Brazil of great economical, social and cultural importance in their areas of occurrence. The concern with the devastation of the specie natural areas resulted in the establishment of an Active Germplasm Bank in Sergipe, the main producing state. The objective of this work was to characterize the genetic diversity of this Germplasm Bank using RAPD analysis. The use of 12 RAPD primers allowed the production of 106 bands, in which 92 were polymorphic (86.79%). Different similarity coefficients were detected, with means of 0.40 (± 0.04) between them. The genetic amplitude varied between 0.08 (± 0.04) and 0.60 (± 0.05). The M1 (Pará) and M14 (Bahia) individuals were the most different ones within the population, and the individuals pairs M9 and M10 (Bahia) were the most similar ones. Three individuals pairs were identified as the most genetically divergent ones (M2, M4 and M14) and are indicated for future studies.

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