Highlights d Single-cell-omics reveal OLIG2 + glial progenitors as tumorinitiating cells in MB d OLIG2 + cells are quiescent stem-like in full-blown MB but reemerge during relapse d Ablation of mitotic OLIG2 + cells or deletion of Olig2 impedes MB tumor initiation d OLIG2 activates HIPPO-YAP and AURORA-A/MYCN oncogenic networks to promote MB growth

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Background: Most children with cancer live in resource-limited countries where malnutrition is often prevalent. We identified the relationship between malnutrition and treatment-related morbidity (TRM), abandonment of therapy, and survival of children with cancer in Nicaragua to better inform targeted nutritional interventions. vs. 5.58 years; P = 0.049), and abandoned therapy more frequently (P = 0.015). Conclusions:In Nicaragua, pediatric oncology patients with malnutrition at diagnosis experienced increased TRM, abandoned therapy more frequently, and had inferior EFS. Standardized nutritional evaluation of patients with newly diagnosed cancer and targeted provision of nutritional support are essential to decrease TRM and improve outcomes.

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