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Integrated crop–livestock–forest is a promising strategy to improve soil quality. It comprises four different integrated farming systems: crop–livestock, crop–forest, forest–livestock and crop–livestock–forest. This work systematically reviewed studies about integrated crop–livestock–forest systems and soil quality. A total of 92 papers were retrieved from the Web of Science—Clarivate Analytics platform, and the following information was analysed: publication year, institution, region of the studied site, type of integrated system, soil type, tillage system, maximum soil depth and the soil quality indicators assessed. Most studies were published in the second half of the 2010s. Brazil is a prominent focus of research about soil quality and integrated crop–livestock–forest systems, with significant contribution from its central and southern regions. The Embrapa was the main publishing institution, present in over one‐third of the studies. Crop–livestock was the most common integrated system, Ferralsols was the most common soil group, and most of the studied soils were clayey. No tillage was the main tillage system. Most studies focused on the topsoil, assessing physical and/or chemical soil quality indicators. More emphasis on biological indicators of soil quality is required, as well as assessments integrating biological, physical and chemical indicators of soil quality. Future works should compare different integrated systems, including assessments deeper in the soil profile, especially in systems with the forest component, and also in sandy and silty soils. Soil quality indicators that have been rarely used should be further tested. Novel indicators should be added to better understand the promotion of soil quality by integrated crop–livestock–forest systems.

Seeking to provide essential information about sustainable tillage systems, this work aimed to assess the effects of liming and soil cultivation systems on the soil hydrophysical attributes of a long-term cultivated sugarcane field in the tropical region of southeast Brazil. Infiltration tests and soil sampling down to 0.10 m were performed in order to determine saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, soil bulk density, soil total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, and soil resistance to penetration. The studied areas include no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) systems with 0 (CT0 and NT0) and 4 (CT4 and NT4) Mg ha−1 of lime, and an adjoining area with native forest (NF). The data analysis included an analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test to compare different systems, assessment of the Pearson correlation coefficient between variables, and a principal component analysis of the dataset. The lowest bulk density and highest soil total porosity, macroporosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity were found in the NF. The bulk density in CT4 and NT0 was higher than in other systems, indicating the need for amelioration. NT4 is suggested as the most viable system for conservation agriculture in sugarcane fields, combining the benefits of no-tillage and liming to enhance soil hydrophysical functions.

Worldwide, agriculture is considered one of the main activities that influence water quality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of soil use and management on water quality at the small watershed scale, in Southern Brazil. One watershed is characterized by production of annual crop seeds under no‐tillage (zero tillage), with crop rotation and with terraces (Sarandi watershed—SW), while the other is characterized by production of grains in the summer and pasture with grazing in the winter, under no‐tillage, without crop rotation and without terraces (Coxilha watershed—CW). Flow and climatic data were measured during 2 years. Water samples were manually taken at precipitation events and base flow over 1 year for laboratory analysis. During events of high volume, most of the rainfall was converted to base flow in SW, while in CW, most of the rainfall was transformed into overland flow. Overall, higher concentrations and losses of sediments and nutrients occurred in the CW, mainly during precipitation events in the winter crops season. Of the total nitrogen concentration in water, approximately 3% was ammonium‐N and 58% was nitrate‐N, on average, in both watersheds. For total phosphorus concentration in water, more than 75% was particulate in both watersheds, however, the bioavailable phosphorus accounted for 70% of the total phosphorus in the SW and for 35% in the CW. The higher concentration of bioavailable phosphorus in the SW indicates a short‐term pollution potential, but in both watersheds, the water quality was impaired by the high concentrations of total phosphorus. In general, even with no‐tillage, the results highlight the importance of best management practices as terracing, riparian vegetation, crop rotation, better crop systems and fertilizer management to avoid degradation of water resources.

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This study aims to analyze the income of the BUMDes “Mandiri”  layer chicken farm and partner farms, as well as the size of the income earned by BUMDes “Mandiri”  and breeder partners from the profit-sharing system carried out together. The research respondents were the BUMDes “Mandiri”  farm manager and two breeder partners. Operating income is calculated by finding the difference between business revenues and total business costs incurred. The share received by BUMDes “Mandiri”  and partner farmers from partner farm income is determined based on the percentage agreed in the partnership agreement, namely 51% for BUMDes “Mandiri”  and 49% for breeder partners. The results showed that the income of the BUMDes “Mandiri”  livestock business in one month was Rp. 3,668,890.00 or Rp. 3,668.89/head, while the partner's husbandry business income was Rp. 6,404,505.00 or Rp. 12,809.00/head. The portion of the partner's husbandry business income that belongs to BUMDes “Mandiri” is Rp. 3,266,295.00/month and that which belongs to breeder partners is Rp. 3,138,210.00/month.