Genetic variation among sweet, purple, and yellow passion fruit accessions was assessed using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Eighteen ISSR primers were used to evaluate 45 accessions. The number of polymorphic bands per primer varied from 4 to 22, with 12.4 bands per primer on average. Nei's genetic distance between accessions ranged from 0.04 to 0.35. Clustering using the neighbor-joining method resulted in the formation of 11 major clusters. It was not possible to classify the accessions according to their geographic origin, showing that there is no structure in the gene bank. The overall mean Shannon-Weaver diversity index was 0.32, indicating good resolution of genetic diversity in passion fruit germplasm using ISSR markers. Our results indicate that ISSR can be useful for genetic diversity studies, to provide practical information for parental selection and to assist breeding and conservation strategies.

This study aimed to characterize the resistance of 31 passion fruit (Passiflora sp.) genotypes to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae (FOP). About 20 seedlings of each genotype were inoculated by immersing the roots in a suspension of 10 6 macroconidia mL -1 for five minutes and then transplanting them into pots containing a mixture of soil and sterile substrate. They were evaluated daily for 120 days for the occurrence of wilt symptoms and death. These data were used to calculate the area under the disease progress curve, for survival analysis and grouping. The mortality rate ranged from 0 to 100% and the AUDPC ranged from 0 for genotypes without symptoms of the disease to 6,650.63 for the hybrid HFOP-01. Genotypes were classified into four subgroups: resistant, moderately resistant, susceptible and highly susceptible. The resistance was genotype dependent, but no significant variation was found between the purple and the yellow P. edulis.

Conventional methods for the selection of papaya pure lines are time-consuming. Procedures involving the use of molecular markers and the indirect selection of homozygous plants can reduce this time considerably. The objective of this study was to evaluate the informativeness of a microsatellite marker set when used in marker-assisted selection (MAS) for the development of new papaya lines. Eighty-three lines originating from two segregating F 3 populations and from papaya germplasm were used for the molecular analysis of 27 microsatellite primers. Twenty polymorphic microsatellite primers were identified, allowing the identification of 86 alleles, with an average of 3.18 alleles per primer. The observed heterozygosity values were low for both the markers (0.00-0.29) and the individual lines (0.00-0.35). The inbreeding coefficient (f) ranged from 0.634 to 1.00. Eleven lines with f = 1.00 and 18 lines with f varying from 0.953 to 0.961 were identified. In addition, papaya lines showed high genetic diversity, which will certainly contribute to the development of new varieties. Our results show that the use of microsatellites in MAS is a quick and effective procedure for the development of papaya lines.

Hansen (FOC), resulting in 99% polymorphic fragments, with an average of 40 fragments per primer combination. Specific fingerprints could be generated for most of the isolates evaluated;we observed a high power of discrimination of the AFLP primer combinations, with the presence/ absence of up to 26 specific fragments per isolate. Thus, specific fingerprinting was obtained for 10 of the 15 isolates analyzed. The values of the polymorphic information content, the index and the resolving power of the markers showed wide variation and re� ected the high informaof the markers showed wide variation and re�ected the high informative contents of the primers used in the characterization of the FOP isolates. The FOP isolates were divided into four groups, irrespective of their geographic origins, with the allocation of 5, 7, 1 and 1 FOP isolates into Groups II, III, IV and V, respectively. A wide genetic diversity was observed in FOP isolates, which should be taken into consideration when implementing strategies for the improvement of passion fruit in the search for cultivars with multiple resistance to different isolates.

-Due to the low genetic variability reported in the commercial plantations of papaya (Carica papaya L.), the objective of this study was analyze the genetic diversity of 32 genotypes including cultivars, landraces, inbred lines, and improved germplasm using the AFLP technique (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). The genetic distance matrix was obtained using the Nei and Li genetic distance and clustering was performed using the unweighted pair-method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). Using 11 combinations of EcoRI/MseI primers, 383 polymorphic bands were obtained. On average, 34.8 polymorphic bands were obtained per primer combination. Five clusters were formed. The traditional cultivar 'Sunrise' and the inbred line CMF-L30-08 were the closest genotypes, and the improved germplasm (CMF041) and landrace (CMF233) the most distant. The main papaya cultivars commercially grown in Brazil, as well as four inbred lines and three improved germplasm, were clustered together, however, were not grouped in the same branch. The genetic distance between the Sunrise and Golden cultivars was 0.329, and even arising from mutation and selection within the Sunrise variety, the Golden stores considerable genetic variability. Additional variability was observed in the inbred lines derived from papaya breeding program at Embrapa Cassava and Fruits. Index terms: papaya breeding, genetic resources, genetic diversity, Carica papaya L.. CARACTERIZAÇÃO MOLECULAR DE GENÓTIPOS DE MAMOEIRO COM USO DE MARCADORES DO TIPO AFLPRESUMO -Em virtude da baixa variabilidade genética relatada nos plantios comerciais de mamoeiro (Carica papaya L.), o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a divergência genética de 32 genótipos incluindo cultivares, variedades locais, linhagens e germoplasma melhorado, utilizando a técnica de AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). A matriz de distâncias genéticas foi obtida com a distância de Nei e Li, e o agrupamento foi realizado utilizando o método UPGMA (unweighted pair-method with arithmetic mean). Utilizaram-se 11 combinações de iniciadores com corte das enzimas EcoRI / MseI. Foram geradas 383 bandas polimórficas, com média de 34,8 por combinação de iniciadores. O agrupamento dos dados permitiu a formação de cinco grupos, sendo a cultivar Sunrise e a linhagem CMF-L30-08 os genótipos mais relacionados, e CMF041 (germoplasma melhorado) e CMF233 (variedade local), os mais dissimilares. As cultivares de mamoeiro mais cultivadas no Brasil, bem como quatro linhagens e três acessos de germoplasma melhorado foram agrupadas, porém não no mesmo ramo. Mesmo sendo oriunda de mutação e seleção dentro de Sunrise, a cultivar Golden ainda possui considerável variabilidade genética, uma vez que a distância genética entre estas cultivares foi de 0,329. Variabilidade adicional foi observada nas linhagens do programa de melhoramento. Termos para indexação: melhoramento, recursos genéticos, diversidade genética, Carica papaya L..Rev. Bras.

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eSports is a rapidly growing industry with increasing investment and large-scale international tournaments offering significant prizes. This has led to an increased focus on individual and team performance with factors such as communication, concentration, and team intelligence identified as important to success. Over a similar period of time, personal physiological monitoring technologies have become commonplace with clinical grade assessment available across a range of parameters that have evidenced utility. The use of physiological data to assess concentration is an area of growing interest in eSports. However, body-worn devices, typically used for physiological data collection, may constitute a distraction and/or discomfort for the subjects. To this end, in this work we devise a novel “invisible” sensing approach, exploring new materials, and proposing a proof-of-concept data collection system in the form of a keyboard armrest and mouse. These enable measurements as an extension of the interaction with the computer. In order to evaluate the proposed approach, measurements were performed using our system and a gold standard device, involving 7 healthy subjects. A particularly advantageous characteristic of our setup is the use of conductive nappa leather, as it preserves the standard look and feel of the keyboard and mouse. According to the results obtained, this approach shows 3–15% signal loss, with a mean difference in heart rate between the reference and experimental device of −1.778 ± 4.654 beats per minute (BPM); in terms of ECG waveform morphology, the best cases show a Pearson correlation coefficient above 0.99.

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