Background/purpose Non-formation of a tooth impacts the morphology of the alveolar bone, which may, in turn, generate an imbalance in facial growth. This retrospective case-control study aimed to determine whether observable differences exist in the facial growth of patients with dental agenesis relative to complete dentition controls. Materials and methods The sample comprised 75 patients with dental agenesis, and each case was paired with two controls of the same age and gender ( n = 150). All patients were measured cephalometrically (31 variables), and both groups were compared with student's t - or Z-test (P < 0.05). Subsequently, ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis tests (P < 0.05) were used to compare facial growth depending on the missing tooth's sagittal location in the dental arch (anterior or posterior agenesis); as well as its location in the affected bone (maxillary, mandibular, or both). Results Four measurements with significant differences were found, whereas ten were found in the sagittal location in the dental arch analysis. Regarding the affected bone, there were no affected variables. Conclusion it was found that patients with dental agenesis show differences in the sagittal growth of the upper jaw and in the position of the lower incisor. In the studied population, these changes are strongly influenced by the sagittal location of the missing tooth, while its location in the jaws does not affect facial growth.
El asma afecta en mayoría a la población infantil de 3 a 14 años. Los infantes que padecen enfermedades respiratorias tienden a sufrir alteraciones en su salud bucal. Objetivo: Establecer las manifestaciones clínicas bucales de pacientes pediátricos con asma, de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal, de casos y controles. Se incluyeron pacientes de entre 5 y 12 años, con diagnóstico de asma (casos) y pacientes sanos (controles), durante el período de agosto 2018 - febrero 2019. Fueron excluidos pacientes con enfermedades sistémicas. Se realizó una revisión intraoral evaluando caries, gingivitis, erosiones y bruxismo. Las diferencias entre grupos fueron determinadas mediante los estadísticos Chi2 y Wilcoxon Sum-Rank. Resultados: La muestra incluyó un total de 228 pacientes, 109 femeninos y 119 masculinos. Se registraron 76 casos de pacientes asmáticos, con edad promedio de 7 años. No se encontró asociación entre el asma y caries dental (Chi2=0,19, p=0,655, OR=1,16); entre asma y gingivitis (W=5103, p=0,1492) y bruxismo (Chi2=2,4, p=0,12, OR=1,97). Únicamente, se encontró asociación significativa entre asma y erosión dental (Chi2= 5,3, p=0,02, OR=2,01). Conclusiones: No se encontró relación entre el asma y la presencia/ausencia de caries, gingivitis y bruxismo. Los pacientes asmáticos presentaron 1,02 veces más posibilidades de presentar erosión dental en comparación con los pacientes sanos. Palabras claves: Asma, Caries Dental, Erosión Dental, Gingivitis, Bruxismo.
Este artículo debe citarse como ABSTRACTFetal alcohol syndrome is a set of events that occurs in newborns when the mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. It is presenting a stomatological treatment of a teenager patient 17 year old with fetal alcohol syndrome with intra and extra oral features, using basic and advanced behavior techniques based on the classification of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Moreover, with the aim of improving the quality of life of these patients, the implementation of stomatological treatment with first and second level of prevention, according to WHO, as the promotion of oral health is emphasized, using pit and fissure sealants and placement of composite restorations.
Asthma is a public health problem that has been widely described, but little has been reported about its effects on dental occlusions. The aim of this study was to compare the alterations of normal occlusions in asthmatic children and those without the disease. The study included 186 patients between 5 and 12 years old, divided into two groups. The first group included patients with a previous diagnosis of asthma given by a specialist, which was confirmed by using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. The second group included patients without the disease. All patients underwent a clinical examination to determine the presence of occlusion alterations in the sagittal, transverse, and vertical planes. Subsequently, chi-squared tests were performed to compare the variables between the groups. A significant association was found between asthma and the variables studied here: alterations in the sagittal plane (chi2 = 7.839, p = 0.005), alterations in the vertical plane (chi2 = 13.563, p < 0.001), alterations in the transverse plane (Fisher’s F p < 0.001), and oral habits (chi2 = 55.811, p < 0.001). The results suggest that asthmatic patients are more likely to develop malocclusions, especially anterior open bite and posterior crossbite. These conditions are typically related to mouth breathing, which is common in asthmatic patients.
Este artículo debe citarse comoPinzón-Te AL, López-Pérez R, Enríquez-Rivera FM, Aguilar-Ayala FJ, Rejón-Peraza ME, López-Osorio JL. Características de la saliva en niños con Síndrome de Down. Acta Pediatr Mex. 2017;38(6):355-362. ResumenANTECEDENTES: los niños con Síndrome de Down (SD) generalmente tienen características morfogenéticas que los predisponen a patologías bucales; por lo tanto, el análisis de las características de la saliva constituye una herramienta diagnóstica de su estado de salud bucal.OBJETIVOS: a) Comparar los valores promedio de pH salival y tasa de flujo salival (TFS), según género y edad. b) Comparar los tipos de pH salival y TFS, según género y edad. c) Determinar si existe correlación entre el pH salival y la TFS. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS:en 100 pacientes con SD (M = 50, F = 50) de 0 a 18 años de edad pertenecientes a instituciones de educación especial de Yucatán. Se midió el pH salival mediante un pHmetro digital portátil ATS ® y se determinó la TFS mediante la técnica de pesada de algodón Strongin, Hinsie y Peck.RESULTADOS: se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los tipos de pH por edad (X 2 = 27.333; p <0.001) y en los valores promedio de la TFS por género (t = 2.125; p = 0.036).CONCLUSIÓN: los valores de pH salival y TFS deben ser considerados como indicadores de salud durante la consulta odontológica del paciente con SD.PALABRAS CLAVE: pH salival, flujo salival, síndrome de Down. Abstract BACKGROUND:Children with Down`s Syndrome (DS) have morphogenetic characteristics predisposing to oral diseases. It is also important to consider that the analysis of the characteristics of saliva are a diagnostic tool for appraisal oral health. 356 2017 noviembre;38(6) OBJECTIVES: a) To compare the average values of salivary pH and salivary flow rate (SFR) by gender and age. b) To compare the type of salivary pH and SFR by gender and age. c) To determine whether there was a correlation between the salivary pH and the SFR. MATERIAL AND METHODS:In 100 patients with DS (M = 50, F = 50) from 0 to 18 years of age, belonging to special education institutions of Yucatan, salivary pH was measured by a portable digital pH meter ATS ® ; SFR was obtained by the technique of heavy cotton Strongin, Hinsie and Peck. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found among the types of pH according to age (X 2 = 27,333; p < 0.001), as well as among the average values of the SHP according to gender (t = 2.125, p = 0.036). CONCLUSION:The values of the salivary pH and salivary flow should be considered as oral health indicators in patients with DS.
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