Growth differences in patients with dental agenesis, how its location impacts facial morphology

Abstract

Background/purpose Non-formation of a tooth impacts the morphology of the alveolar bone, which may, in turn, generate an imbalance in facial growth. This retrospective case-control study aimed to determine whether observable differences exist in the facial growth of patients with dental agenesis relative to complete dentition controls. Materials and methods The sample comprised 75 patients with dental agenesis, and each case was paired with two controls of the same age and gender ( n = 150). All patients were measured cephalometrically (31 variables), and both groups were compared with student's t - or Z-test (P < 0.05). Subsequently, ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis tests (P < 0.05) were used to compare facial growth depending on the missing tooth's sagittal location in the dental arch (anterior or posterior agenesis); as well as its location in the affected bone (maxillary, mandibular, or both). Results Four measurements with significant differences were found, whereas ten were found in the sagittal location in the dental arch analysis. Regarding the affected bone, there were no affected variables. Conclusion it was found that patients with dental agenesis show differences in the sagittal growth of the upper jaw and in the position of the lower incisor. In the studied population, these changes are strongly influenced by the sagittal location of the missing tooth, while its location in the jaws does not affect facial growth.

Infraocclusion level and root resorption of the primary molar in second premolar agenesis: A retrospective cross-sectional study in the Portuguese population

“…The clinical decision to treat M2P agenesis associated with the retained 2pm is a challenging issue, 60 and the options to extract, thus allowing space closure, to prosthetically replace the missing tooth or to maintain the primary tooth in the arch implies reflection over various parameters, such as the health of the crown, pulp and the root of the primary tooth as well as of the surrounding bone, 50 the vertical position of the primary tooth relative to the occlusal plane; the presence of ankylosis of the primary tooth, 60 the patient's sagittal and vertical skeletal individual characteristics, 62,88 the occlusal relationships and dental crowding, the patient's dental and chronological age, 62 the presence of third molars, and the patient's preference for specific treatment or the expenditure of money. 29,34,35 Whenever the delayed exfoliation of the 2pm is detected, the diagnosis must necessarily be completed by the radiographic observation and verification of M2P agenesis, 47 as if it occurs, the therapeutic option is an urgent need, and in the majority of the cases, it is a complex therapy.…”

“…3,6,[30][31][32] Mandibular second premolar (M2P) agenesis occurs mainly with the retention and infraocclusion of the second primary molar (2pm), 33 the loss of alveolar height and width, antagonist supraeruption, and the movement of the adjacent teeth, with a possible negative influence on the sagittal and vertical dentofacial development, and increased overbites. [34][35][36] The loss of space and the retention of first premolars can also occur. 28 The 2pm has been described as having one of the longest lifespans.…”

Shear Bond Strength of Simulated Single-Retainer Resin-Bonded Bridges Made of Four CAD/CAM Materials for Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis Rehabilitation

“…Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA) is a prevalent nonsyndromic congenital tooth agenesis, often bilateral, 1 2 and associated with reduced maxillary sagittal growth and altered relative lower incisor position, 3 making functional postorthodontic stabilization pertinent. Its challenging treatment has valuable aesthetic options, including orthodontic space opening followed by lateral incisor prosthetic replacement or space closure with canine mesialization complemented by tooth remodeling.…”