"Health disparities" is a comprehensive term that can be interpreted in a variety of ways by different individuals, communities, and research groups. The 2016 World Health Statistics report, produced by the World Health Organization (WHO), identifies inequalities in several global health and healthrelated issues (life expectancy, sanitation, health coverage, etc.) based on multiple factors including geography, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, age, and sex. 1 As the Guest Editors and the authors included in this Special Issue reside and conduct research in the United States (US), we appreciate that the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also acknowledge that illness, disease, disability, and premature death affect particular groups disproportionately. This prompted the CDC to develop and release a series of reports entitled CDC Health Disparities and Inequalities Report. The most recent report was published in 2013 and used a multifaceted approach to examine subject areas that contribute to health disparities in the US. These factors include social determinants (education, employment, income), environment (work-related injuries, access to major highways), healthcare coverage (insurance coverage), behavioral risk factors (alcohol use, smoking), morbidity (obesity, diabetes, preterm births, quality of life), and mortality (coronary heart disease and stroke deaths, infant mortality, drug-related deaths, homicides, suicides). 2 The extensive nature of these WHO and CDC reports emphasizes just how broad the term health disparities can be when described as an area of study.In the current Clinical Medicine Insights: Women's Health supplement, entitled Health Disparities in Women, the Guest Editors chose to embrace the breadth of the topic. As such, we set out to solicit manuscripts covering a variety of healthrelated topics that affect women of diverse populations in disparate proportions. The 13 papers published in this supplement cover topics ranging from healthcare in Latina women to health promotion in African American beauty salons. Barriers in cancer research and the reproductive decisions of women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV ) are also topics of research included in this issue. In addition, there are multiple papers that examine the increasing importance of physical activity and physical fitness within several different contexts (cross-sectional comparison, intervention effects, review of current evidence) and in various populations (pregnancy, rural residing, low socioeconomic status, college students). Furthermore, this issue contains studies that examine psychosocial and emotional influences on health-related disparities. It should also be noted that the content of this issue is largely rooted in racial/ethnic health disparities. As this was not an intentional focus of the supplement, we feel this may speak to the fact that this area is of high relevance and/or interest to many health investigators due to its public health relevance.Although the Guest Editors feel this s...
Summary What is known and objective Lemierre's syndrome is often misdiagnosed as a common cold or viral infection. Fusobacterium necrophorum is the most common causative organism. The recommended treatment regimen is 6 weeks of a beta‐lactam antibiotic along with metronidazole. Case description We present two cases of Lemierre's syndrome with internal jugular vein thrombophlebitis and positive blood cultures for F. necrophorum. The first case was successfully treated with 6 weeks of a beta‐lactam antibiotic and 4 weeks of metronidazole, while the second case was successfully treated with 4 weeks of a beta‐lactam antibiotic and 2 weeks of metronidazole. What is new and conclusion Two cases of Lemierre's syndrome were treated successfully with only 2‐4 weeks of metronidazole therapy. Shorter duration of metronidazole therapy should be explored in future studies.
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