Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive that is considered as a water and environmental pollutant and affects the tissues of the living being. This study was aimed to find the effect of long-term administration of MSG on the mass of mesangial cells of the kidneys. Forty adult male rats were divided into four groups (10 each). Control groups 1&2 were supplied orally with distilled water for 30 and 60 days, respectively. Treatment groups 1&2 were supplied orally with 15 mg/kg Bwt of MSG for 30 & 60 days, respectively. Control and treatment groups were sacrificed, specimens of kidneys were obtained, fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin, processed by Routine histological techniques, stained by Hematoxylin and eosin, and PAS (Periodic Acid-Schiff) stains then examined under the light microscope. The result found enlargement in a mesangial mass represented by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of mesangial cells leading to mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Accordingly, the study showed an increase in creatinine values, indicating a disturbance in renal function. This will lead to a decrease in the sizes of the glomeruli of renal corpuscles and a relative increase of Bowman’s space. With the time of the experiment, the glomerular capillaries and gates of basement membranes will be closed, resulting in renal filtration disorders. It was concluded that the long-term intake of MSG leads to indirect narrowing of the glomerular capillary lumen, causing kidney failure.
This experiment aimed to study the protective effects of vitamin D3 on hepatic cells injured by Diclofenac. Twenty-one male rats, 8 to 12 weeks of age and in weight from 180 to 220 grams, were housed in a standard, pathogen-free environment in the “College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Fallujah,” given unrestricted access to standard rat water and food. Then the rats were divided into 3 groups (each group containing 7 rats): G1 control group (IM injection of distill water for 7 days), G2 Diclofenac only (7-day course of a 10 mg/kg IM injection of diclofenac), G3 received intramuscular injections of VD3 three times per week at a dose of 1000 IU/Kg, then a 7-day course of a 10 mg/kg IM injection of diclofenac. Liver histological sections of the normal control (G1) showed no histopathological changes, while the histopathological sections of the liver of G2 exhibit hydropic degeneration, blood vessels congestion and inflammatory cell infiltration, Liver sections of G3 presented blood vessels congestion and mild inflammatory cell infiltration. This study concluded that VD3 can decrease the liver damage caused by diclofenac
The aim of this study was to find the effect of long-term food additive monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the tissue of pancreas. For this purpose, two treated groups of adult wistar rats were administered 15 mg/kg body weight for 30 and 75 days respectively. Immediately after sacrificing, specimens of pancreas were collected and fixed. Routine histological processes were carried out to prepare the specimens for light microscopy. Hematoxylin and Eosin, and Gomori aldehyde fuchsin stains were used. The study confirmed that the pancreas had a histological compensatory defense mechanism. In terms of exocrine units, the size of islets of Langerhans were increased due to increase the size of alpha and beta cells and the engorgement of the surrounding blood vessels. The exocrine acini neighboring to islets of Langerhans were engorged with secretion. After 75 days, fusion of some preexisting islets among the exocrine units were recorded. The study firstly focused the light on the pancreatic adipose tissue differentiation to give rise a newly–formed islets of langerhans. The alpha and beta cells of the islets had a well cytological architecture with apparent network of functional blood vessels. Creation of a new generation of beta cells induced by appetizer, may regarded as an important approach in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The study concluded that, in small animals, the endocrine mass of pancreatic islets proportionate with the need of insulin. Moreover, adipose tissue act as endocrine tissue and may secreting the hormone insulin. The study declared a positive relationship between exocrine and endocrine units, when the pancreas was subjected to external stressful factor
Aim of the study: The present study aimed to study histological features of different organs before and after treatment of diabetes by using avocado extract in rats. Materials and methods: Hot aqueous extraction of avocado was performed. Forty male rats (weighted 140–190g) were used in this study. Following the time of acclimatization, the animals had an overnight fast of 18 hours before being prepped for alloxan monohydrate-induced diabetes. Before and after induction, measurements of the animals' body weights and blood glucose levels were made. However, rats received an IP injection of alloxan 150 mg/kg bw. Following that, the rats' blood glucose levels were tracked every day for 3 weeks to establish a stable levels of blood glucose. The animals were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 got water as a non-induced (negative control) condition. Alloxan-induced rats in Group 2 received water as a positive control. Group 3: Alloxan-induced and aqueous extract-treated animals and Group 4 was only given a 40 g/L dose of the aqueous extract of avocado. Pancreas, livers, as well as kidneys from control, alloxanized, and treated rats were taken at different times, processed and utilized for histological examination after being preserved in 10% formaldehyde till processing and staining. Results: The current results showed a significant difference between different groups especially in G3 at different weeks. However, rats in G2 exhibited depleted islet cells and regions of cell necrosis. The tiny, preserved islet cells (PIL) in diabetic rats treated with extract after 1 week (G3) were an improvement as compared with rats at G2. As the days advanced, more improvements were seen in the pancreatic architecture of the rats treated with extract, including the presence of more noticeable islet cells and exocrine cells. As seen by the intact pancreatic islet in G3, caused the healing of the pancreatic tissue after 3 weeks of treatment by extracts. Alloxanized rats (G2) showed the presence of cell necrosis as well as infiltrations of inflammatory cells. However, as the course of therapy continued, it became clear that the tissue architecture had improved, and more glomeruli were seen as well as fewer inflammatory cells (G3). Livers of rats in (G2) showed visible cell necrosis, when compared to the histology of G1 and G4. After receiving medication, rats in group G3 had compact, healthy liver tissues after three weeks. In conclusion, the pancreas, kidneys, and liver were all protected by the avocado extract and showed enhancement in the histological architecture and glucose levels. KEY WORDS: Diabetes, Avocado, Histology, Rats.
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