This review examines the properties of graphene from an experimental perspective. The intent is to review the most important experimental results at a level of detail appropriate for new graduate students who are interested in a general overview of the fascinating properties of graphene. While some introductory theoretical concepts are provided, including a discussion of the electronic band structure and phonon dispersion, the main emphasis is on describing relevant experiments and important results as well as some of the novel applications of graphene. In particular, this review covers graphene synthesis and characterization, field-effect behavior, electronic transport properties, magnetotransport, integer and fractional quantum Hall effects, mechanical properties, transistors, optoelectronics, graphene-based sensors, and biosensors. This approach attempts to highlight both the means by which the current understanding of graphene has come about and some tools for future contributions.

We demonstrate a III-V/silicon hybrid external cavity laser with a tuning range larger than 60 nm at the C-band on a silicon-on-insulator platform. A III-V semiconductor gain chip is hybridized into the silicon chip by edge-coupling the silicon chip through a SiN spot size converter. The demonstrated packaging method requires only passive alignment and is thus suitable for high-volume production. The laser has a largest output power of 11 mW with a maximum wall-plug efficiency of 4.2%, tunability of 60 nm (more than covering the C-band), and a side-mode suppression ratio of 55 dB (>46 dB across the C-band). The lowest measured linewidth is 37 kHz (<80 kHz across the C-band), which is the narrowest linewidth using a silicon-based external cavity. In addition, we successfully demonstrate all silicon-photonics-based transmission of 34 Gbaud (272 Gb/s) dual-polarization 16-QAM using our integrated laser and silicon photonic coherent transceiver. The results show no additional penalty compared to commercially available narrow linewidth tunable lasers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental demonstration of a complete silicon photonic based coherent link. This is also the first experimental demonstration of >250 Gb/s coherent optical transmission using a silicon micro-ring-based tunable laser.

Vous avez des questions? Nous pouvons vous aider. Pour communiquer directement avec un auteur, consultez la première page de la revue dans laquelle son article a été publié afin de trouver ses coordonnées. Si vous n'arrivez pas à les repérer, communiquez avec nous à PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. Questions? Contact the NRC Publications Archive team atPublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. If you wish to email the authors directly, please see the first page of the publication for their contact information. NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.006680Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at Ideal, constant-loss nanophotonic mode converter using a Lagrangian approach Horth, Alexandre; Cheben, Pavel; Schmid, Jens H.; Kashyap, Raman; Quitoriano, Nathaniel J. NRC Publications Record / Notice d'Archives des publications de CNRC:http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/view/object/?id=7b0d052f-dcd0-49c8-a1b7-f62f9bae926a http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/fra/voir/objet/?id=7b0d052f-dcd0-49c8-a1b7-f62f9bae926aIdeal, constant-loss nanophotonic mode converter using a Lagrangian approach Abstract:Coupling light between an optical fiber and a silicon nanophotonic waveguide is a challenge facing the field of silicon photonics to which various mode converters have been proposed. Inverted tapers stand out as a practical solution enabling efficient and broadband mode conversion. Current design approaches often use linearly-shaped tapers and two dimensional approximations; however, these approaches have not been rigorously verified and there is not an overarching design framework to guide the design process. Here, using a Lagrangian formulation, we propose an original, constant-loss framework for designing shape-controlled photonic devices and apply this formalism to derive an ideal constant-loss taper (CLT). We specifically report on the experimental demonstration of a fabrication-tolerant, 15-µm-long CLT coupler, that produces 0.56 dB fiber-chip coupling efficiency, the highest efficiency-per-length ratio ever reported.

No abstract

No abstract