The combination of grain and livestock production in integrated Crop-Livestock systems (iCLs) provide the opportunity to increase yields, improve soil attributes and ensure the sustainability of the agricultural system. The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of seven land use systems on their microbiota. Five iCL systems were implemented in 2005 in Santa Carmem, MT, Brazil, with different rotating crops: iCL A (soybean/maize, preceded by two years with pasture), iCL B (rice/maize, preceded by two years with soybean/intercropped pasture), iCL C (soybean/maize, preceded by three years with pasture), iCL D (pasture/maize, preceded by five soybean/maize or millet intercropped with pasture) and iCL E (pasture/maize, preceded by three years with pasture). These were compared with two reference systems: a conventional soybean/maize succession system (CC) and native forest (NF). Soils were collected (0.00-0.20 m) and the population dynamics of fungi, bacteria, actinobacteria and cellulolytic microorganisms were evaluated over the course of two years (2012 and 2013). Likewise, carbon stocks of microbial biomass (CBM); metabolic quotient (qCO2); basal respiration (RB); acid (AP) and alkaline (ALP) phosphatases; β-glycosidase (BG) and urease of soil were assessed. The iCLs systems improved the performance of soil microbiota compared to the conventional system. The rotation of legume and grasses preceded by pasture in iCL A and C, increased the total fungi, bacteria, actinobacteria, enzymatic activity and CBM stocks. This fact contributed to an increased efficiency in environmental performance and added greater sustainability to the system.

RESUMO -Avaliou-se a produção de mudas de L. canadensis em níveis de sombreamento e doses de esterco bovino adicionados ao substrato. O delineamento em fatorial 3 x 5 testou três níveis de sombreamento 35, 50 e 70 % e cinco doses de esterco 0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 %. Avaliou-se a porcentagem de emergência e sobrevivência, tempo médio de emergência, comprimento da parte aérea e da raiz, razão entre comprimento da parte aérea e da maior raiz, massa seca da parte aérea e das raízes, número de folhas, diâmetro do colo, teor de clorofila total e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Os sombreamentos de 50 e 70% favoreceram a germinação e emergência, entretanto para o desenvolvimento de L. canadensis os sombreamentos a 35 e 50% foram mais eficientes. O incremento de esterco ao substrato proporcionou melhor crescimento das mudas, em que, a adição de 60% foi superior as demais doses. Palavras-chave: almeirão roxo, cultivo protegido, esterco bovinoABSTRACT -Shading and substrate in the production of Lactuca canadensis L. seedlings. The production of L. canadensis seedlings at levels of shading and doses of bovine manure added to the substrate was evaluated. The 3 x 5 factorial design tested three levels of shading 35, 50 and 70% and five doses of manure 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60%. It was evaluated the percentage of emergence and survival, mean time of emergence, shoot and root length, ratio between shoot length and largest root, dry mass of shoots and roots, number of leaves, neck diameter, total chlorophyll content and Dickson quality index. The shading of 50 and 70% favored germination and emergence, however for the development of L. canadensis the shading at 35 and 50% was more efficient. The increase in manure to the substrate gave better growth of the seedlings, in which, the addition of 60% was superior to the other doses.

Buchenavia tomentosa produces fruits with ecological function for Cerrado’s fauna. The aims of this paper were to quantify seed germination and behavior on thermal conditions and explain about water absorption of dispersal structure in B. tomentosa seeds. Ripe fruits were pulped, the endocarp removed, and seeds used in the germination tests at temperatures of 10 to 45 °C. Seeds were placed in rolls of filter paper and then placed in germination chambers, at twelve hours of photoperiod. Germination models at sub and supra optimal temperatures were made from the germination rate (Tg), from the time to germination of 50% of the seeds (t50). Germination speed index (GSI), measurements of shoot and root lengths and dry mass at each temperature were obtained. The water imbibition curve of seed with or without endocarp adhered and scarified or not was made and other samples were tested for emergence in sand. Cardinal temperatures were: base temperature (Tb) of 9.23 °C; maximum temperature (Tmax) of 44.6 °C; optimum temperature (To) of 29.24 °C and thermal time of 89.71 °C.days. Seedlings showed higher GSI, root and aerial part length and higher root dry mass at the optimal temperature. The endocarp retards, but does not prevent water absorption and emergence.

O professor Gaetano Sciascia, falecido em Roma, em 1994, aos 80 anos de idade, foi u m talento versátil: egrégio professor de Dneito R o m a n o ocupou também a secretaria da Corte Constitucional Italiana, tendo ali se aposentado. Distinguiu-se ainda como literato, deixando apreciável bagagem poética.

Objective: To build a model to evaluate the impact of salvage radiotherapy (SRT) in men with PSA rise or persistent PSA after undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). Materials and Methods: The study included 107 node-negative patients treated with SRT after RP at a single institution. Patients received SRT for either prostate-specific antigen (PSA) rising, or PSA persistence after RP. All patients received local radiation to the prostate / seminal vesicle bed. The primary measured outcome was the biochemical recurrence (BCR) free survival. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to develop a risk-stratification group to identify predictive factors associated with the probability of BCR at 5yr. Results: At a median follow-up of 52 months, the BCR free survival rate and overall survival in 5 years was 73% and 94%, respectively. At multivariable analysis, pre-SRT PSA level > 0.35ng / mL (p = 0.023), negative margins (p = 0.038), and seminal vesicles invasion (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with BCR free survival. Three risk groups using regression analysis for SRT administration was built. Low-, intermediate- and the high-risk groups had a BCR free survival in 5-years of 96%, 84%, and 44% (p = 0.0001), respectively. Conclusions: We developed a risk group stratification to show the impact of SRT based on prostate cancer characteristics. SRT showed to be extremely beneficial for patients with low- and intermediate-risk tumors. Moreover, the risk-group built could identify patients classified as high-risk who might benefit from more aggressive treatment for SRT.

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Convidado há pouco tempo pelo prezado colega prof. ALFREDO BUZAID para participar do ciclo de conferências aqui realizado sobre R U Y BARBOSA, aceitei o honroso convite pelos seguintes motivos: * A citação de números de páginas sem outra indicação refere-se ao livro de Magalhães Júnior.

Objetivou-se identificar as melhores condições de temperatura, fotoperíodo e pré-embebição em água para obtenção da maior porcentagem, velocidade de germinação e emergência das plântulas de T. triangulare, além de avaliar o potencial de armazenamento das sementes em diferentes ambientes. Primeiramente avaliou-se o efeito das temperaturas de 15, 20, 25, 30 e 30/20 ºC na germinação das sementes. Após, foi estudado o tempo de pré-embebição em água (0, 12, 24, 36 e 48 h) e quatro condições de luminosidade (luz constante, escuro constante, fotoperíodo de 8/16 e 12/12 h de luz/escuro, respectivamente), sob temperatura de 30/20 ºC. Por último, as sementes foram armazenadas em cápsulas pretas em três ambientes (A1: geladeira comum; A2: câmara refrigerada; e A3: ambiente de laboratório), sendo avaliadas a cada três meses, durante 24 meses. As porcentagens de germinação foram de 97, 91, 42, 12 e 85% nas temperaturas de 15, 20, 25, 30, 30/20 ºC, respectivamente. No entanto, o tempo médio de germinação foi menor na temperatura alternada 30/20 ºC (9,5 dias). A germinação de T. triangulare é favorecida pelas temperaturas alternadas de 30/20 ºC, em conjunto com a pré-embebição em água por 24 h e fotoperíodo de 12 h de luz ou 8/16 h (luz/escuro). O armazenamento no ambiente com condições de 7 ± 2 ºC e umidade relativa de 65 ± 4% prolongam a viabilidade das sementes ao longo do tempo de armazenamento.