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The ability of the extracts to inhibit PDE-5, arginase and pro-oxidant induced lipid peroxidation, and chelate metal might suggest their folkloric use for the management of ED.

Green leafy vegetable is one of the major cuisines in Southern Nigeria and they are not only consumed for their palatability, but also for their nutritional and medicinal properties as reported in folklore. Notable among them are afang (Gnetum africanum), editan (Lasianthera africana) and utazi (Gongronema latifolium). In this study, we investigated the effect of aqueous extracts from afang, editan and utazi leaves on cholinesterases [acetylcho linesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)] and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities. Fe 2+ chelating abilities were also determined as an assessment of their neuroprotective potentials in vitro. We also assayed for their total phenol contents while the constituent phenolics were characterized using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The results revealed that the extracts inhibited AChE, BChE and MAO activities and also chelated Fe 2+ in concentration dependent manner. The HPLC-DAD char acterization showed that gallic, caffeic and ellagic acids and rutin were the dominant phenolic compounds in the extracts; nevertheless, utazi had the highest distribution of identified phenolics while afang had the least. The ability of the aqueous extracts of the vegetables to inhibit key enzymes (AChE, BChE and MAO) relevant to neu rodegeneration, as well chelate metal ion could help suggest their possible neuroprotective properties. These vegetables could be use as dietary intervention in the management of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.

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As estufas plásticas são consideradas como um ambiente homogêneo. No entanto, essa afirmativa não é comprovada, pois existem variações de produção entre plantas, causada por diversos fatores externos. São escassas as informações relacionadas a técnicas experimentais de planejamento de experimento nestes ambientes. Dessa forma, foram instalados experimentos no Departamento de Fitotecnia/UFSM com a cultura do pimentão em estufa plástica nas estações sazonais de cultivo verão/outono e inverno/primavera com o objetivo de determinar a variabilidade da produção, em torno da média, para cada colheita e no total produzido, em diferentes tamanhos de parcela dispostos no sentido da linha. Pelo teste de homogeneidade de variâncias, em cada colheita e para produção total e através da dispersão da produção média, verificou-se que existe alta heterogeneidade na distribuição da produção entre as parcelas experimentais de pimentão em estufa plástica e que parcelas de 14 plantas na linha de cultivo amenizaram as variações de solo existentes. O delineamento de blocos ao acaso no sentido das linhas se mostrou adequado para estes ambientes.

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