Cloud computing has already been adopted in a broad range of application domains. However, domains like the distributed development of embedded systems are still unable to benefit from the advancements of cloud computing. Besides general security concerns, a common obstacle often is the incompatibility between such applications and the cloud. In particular, if applications need direct access to hardware elements, cloud computing cannot be used.In this paper we describe an approach of a novel cloud layer called Hardware as a Service (HaaS), which allows for usage distinct hardware components through the Internet analogously to the cloud services. HaaS focuses the transparent integration of remote hardware that is distributed over multiple geographical locations into an operating system. Furthermore, HaaS will not only enable interconnection of physical systems, but also virtual hardware emulation. Therefore, we consider in this paper only the use of emulated hardware and the interconnection with hardware models. To demonstrate the tremendous improvement by a Haas cloud, we explain the applicability in a distributed development process by an anti blocking system and an adaptive cruise control system in the automotive industry.
Since the cloud paradigm becomes increasingly popular for dynamic resources allocation, the flexibility of a cloud is still limited regarding network services and their autonomous federation between different providers. The following architectural approach introduces a generic layered model to orchestrate and federate heterogeneous networks. In particular, an architecture is presented that enables quality of service (QoS) aware parameterisation of network resources in a cloud infrastructure of a single data-centre as well as for a federation. Furthermore, this architecture uses a service-level agreement (SLA) protocol and language to expose key performance indicators and to negotiate appropriate QoS constrains that are applied to the virtually sliced underlying network substrate. In this way, capabilities of the orchestration and the current utilisation of the network are building the foundation for dynamic negotiated SLAs and the within-guaranteed QoS network resources. Therefore an aggregation mechanism is illustrated for merging service-level objectives and for guaranteeing a single SLA that specifies obligations and responsibilities of all participants.
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