| 25 | Panorama | pp. | Volumen 9 | Número 17 | Julio-diciembre | 2015 Evaluación de la propuesta de enseñanza de las áreas de lenguaje y matemáticas en la Institución Educativa San José del Pantano 25-39 Para citar este artículo / to cite this article / para citar este artigo: Díaz, A. M. (2015). Evaluación de la propuesta de enseñanza en lenguaje y matemáticas en la Institución Educativa San José del Pantano. Panorama, 9(16) pp. 25-39. Panorama | | Volumen 9 | Número 17 | Julio-diciembre | 2015 | Alex Mauricio Díaz | pp. 25-39 Panorama | | Volumen 9 | Número 17 | Julio-diciembre | 2015 | Alex Mauricio Díaz | pp. 25-39 Panorama | | Volumen 9 | Número 17 | Julio-diciembre | 2015 | Alex Mauricio Díaz | pp. 25-39 Panorama | | Volumen 9 | Número 17 | Julio-diciembre | 2015 | Alex Mauricio Díaz | pp. 25-39 Panorama | | Volumen 9 | Número 17 | Julio-diciembre | 2015 | Alex Mauricio Díaz | pp. 25-39
IntroductionDifferent HIV Testing Strategies (TS) and clinical care settings had not been face to face evaluated [1]. We compared coverage, Newly Diagnosed HIV Infection (NDHI) and Estimated Missing HIV Infections (MHI) in Hospital Emergency Room (HER) and Primary Care Center (PCC), in DRIVE study (Spanish acronym of HIV infection Rapid Diagnosis) and in clinical practice the year before DRIVE.Materials and MethodsIn DRIVE study, 18–60 years old, non-HIV-infected population visiting an HER or a PCC were proposed both a structured risk practices and clinical conditions questionnaire (RP&CC-Q) and a rapid HIV test. This arm is the HIV Routine TS. We analyze a hypothetical arm, where risk practices were universally assessed with an RP&CC-Q, subsequently risk-positive patients where HIV tested, Targeted-TS. Coverage was assessed as the ratio of tested population (TP)/attended population (AP) in HER and PCC. TP/AP ratios were also calculated in the year before, the Clinical Practice-TS. NDHI was expressed per ‰ tests performed. MHI was estimated assuming in the non-tested population, overall DRIVE rate of NDHI ‰ and NDHI ‰ in negative RP&CC-Q.ResultsA total of 5329 RP&CC-Q and rapid HIV tests were performed to 49.64% women, median age 37 (28–47) years old, mainly 74.9% Spaniards. Confirmed NDHI was 4.1‰, and in 48, 8% of RP&CC-Q negative NDH was 0‰. HIV screening coverage was always better in PCC than in HER, and higher in DRIVE study than in clinical practice. Estimated MHI was higher in HER and in the clinical practice-TS. Targeted-TS coverage was lower, but resulted in similar NDHI and MHI than routine-TS, testing half the population, see Table 1.ConclusionsBest HIV Testing Strategy is routine-TS in Primary Care Center. Targeted-TS resulted in same newly HIV diagnoses and missed HIV infections than routine-TS with half the resources employed.
This article explores what happens when school mentors and university faculty co-facilitate a cycle of action research with pre-service science teacher residents in an urban teacher residency. The voices of all three constituents describe the process of doing action research together in community and its impact on their practice. The pre-service teacher residents narrate their questions, how they explore them, and highlight their findings. They discuss how the use of action research as a methodology deepened and extended their development as critically reflective practitioners. Finally we discuss the implications of the inquiry stance of action research for both the individuals and the schools and districts of which they are a part.
IntroductionAlthough RTS as HIV Diagnosis was considered cost effectiveness [1], overall budget may be unaffordable for some countries. We explore Incremental cost per NDHI associated with different TS.Materials and MethodsFrom a health care perspective, using direct costs and Euros currency, we calculated budget and cost per NDHI of RTS (all patients were tested), TTS (Universal risk practices and clinical conditions-RP&CC - only positive were tested), and CPTS (Only patients physicians considered were tested). We considered DRIVE (Spanish acronym of HIV infection Rapid Diagnosis) study and clinical Practice outcomes. Population between 18–60 years, attending to a Hospital Emergency Room or to a Primary Care Center performed an HIV RP&CC questionnaire (Q) and an HIV rapid test (HIV RT). Unitary costs considered were: HIV RT, nurse, registry, transport and HIV confirmation when necessary, imputed to all population in RTS and CPTS and only in HIV RP&CC-Q positive in TTS analysis, while HIV RP&CC-Q costs were added to all population in TTS. Sensitivity analyses were performed with varying rates of NDHI and of positive HIV RP&CC-Q population, and different RP&CC Q sensitivity (SE) to predict HIV infection.Results5,329 HIV RP&CC-Q and HIV RT were performed to 49.64% women, median age 37 years old, 74.9% Spaniards. In DRIVE and CP, NDHI were 4.1‰, and 1.6‰, while HIV RP&CC-Q was positive in 51.2%. HIV RP&CC-Q SE was 100%. Overall budget employed in HIV testing was in RTS 43,503€, in TTS 24,472€ and in CPTS 5,032€. Cost per 1 NDHI was 1,977€, 1,112€ and 5,032€, respectively. A reduction in cost of 865€, favouring TTS vs. RTS, while an increased cost of 824€ in CPTS vs. RTS was obtained. Considering NDHI rate of 2.6‰ saving costs increased to 1379€ in TTS, while were reduced to 576€ if NDHI rate increases 6.2‰. Effect of RP&CC-Q positivity rate was similar, if 25% saving costs were 1368€, while if 75% were reduced to 399€. Varying SE of RP&CC-Q to 95%, 91% and 50% cost saving was 810€, 754€, and 208€, and number of MHI one, two and 11.ConclusionsIn DRIVE study Targeted TS with universal screening of RP&CC before an HIV rapid test is cost saving, without missing NDHI, with respect to Routine TS. Lower rates of HIV infection and RP&CC in the population, increase costs savings.
<p>Con este artículo se pretende presentar los resultados de un estudio tendiente a analizar el impacto del programa Todos a Aprender en la formación pedagógica y la práctica educativa de los docentes de básica primaria de las Instituciones Educativas Oficiales del municipio de Puerto Escondido, en el departamento de Córdoba. El estudio tiene un enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño de estudio de casos, con tres categorías de análisis: concepciones, desarrollo profesional docente y prácticas educativas. Para su desarrollo se tienen en cuenta las siguientes fases: proyección de las comunidades de aprendizaje, ejecución del desarrollo profesional situado y acompañamiento en el aula. Los resultados demuestran un efecto positivo sobre la enseñanza e instrucción orientada por los docentes de básica primaria, especialmente en sus metodologías, estrategias didácticas, desarrollo profesional situado y las prácticas evaluativas, así como en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes.</p><p>Para el alcance de este objetivo se busca consolidar una comunidad de aprendizaje conformada por todos los docentes de educación básica primaria de las 16 instituciones educativas del municipio de Puerto Escondido – Córdoba, donde se realicen procesos de planeación, ejecución, observación y retroalimentación de las clases, por medio de equipos de estudio, teniendo en cuenta las áreas de conocimiento y perfiles de cada uno de los docentes. Esta metodología del estudio de clase busca generar mejoramiento en la calidad educativa de los estudiantes, así como también pretende generar en los docentes motivación hacia su quehacer pedagógico.</p>
Resumo Realizou-se revisão sistemática de 25 anos de produção da Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva sobre a temática de Saúde Mental buscando responder se essa produção tinha se modificado ao longo do tempo. Perguntou-se se essas mudanças guardariam alguma relação com a implementação de um novo marco regulatório e legal para essa área assim como com a expansão de serviços públicos e com os estímulos à investigação do tema por Agencias Públicas de financiamento. Analisaram-se 278 artigos originais, apresentados a partir das categorias: transformações socioculturais relacionadas à loucura e sua abordagem; mudanças legislativas; implantação, capilaridade e funcionamento da rede de serviços substitutivos; clínica/cuidado desenvolvido nos serviços substitutivos; o papel e as possibilidades da atenção básica; problemas relacionados ao uso de drogas; saúde mental de crianças e adolescentes; estudos epidemiológicos/categorias psiquiátricas; e outros - nas quais foram incluídas as questões étnico-raciais, de violência, acerca da população idosa, suicídio, bullying e migração. Pode ser observada relação cronológica entre o aumento de publicações e os editais de pesquisa e a expansão de serviços, não parecendo ser da mesma forma em relação ao tema dos cuidados a pessoas com problemas com álcool e outras drogas.
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