O discurso sobre a adesão de adolescentes ao tratamento da dependência química em uma instituição de saúde públicaThe discourse about adherence of chemically dependent adolescents to treatment in a public health institution

The image people have regarding products' countries of origin can influence their attitudes toward these products or brands. The aim of the present study is to analyze Brazil's image in light of the social representation theory, considering the process of objectivation. In the literature review, concepts such as perception, projection, social representation and countries' images were issued, in order to ground an empirical, qualitative study carried out with Dutch students. The categories identified were: Population, politics, nature, sports and economy. Results showed that a country's image is a multidimensional concept, which includes elements not only related to the products manufactured in this country. These results can have an important implication for companies, who can adopt more effective marketing strategies for their products abroad.

Resumo A espiritualidade/religiosidade tem sido apontada como uma importante dimensão para a área da saúde. O objetivo desse estudo é apresentar uma revisão sistemática sobre saúde e espiritualidade/religiosidade, como foco em instrumentos para sua mensuração. Buscou-se por trabalhos com as palavras-chave “escalas espiritualidade/religiosidade” e “escalas espiritualidade/religiosidade e saúde” nas bases de dados CAPES, DOAJ, Lilacs, Pubmed, Scielo e Web of Science, entre 2000 a 2017. Foram encontrados 500 trabalhos dos quais 35 foram selecionados, adotando critérios de originalidade, disponibilidade, língua (Espanhol, Inglês ou Português) e descrição de escalas específicas de espiritualidade/religiosidade adaptadas para o contexto brasileiro. Dessa amostra foram encontrados 16 instrumentos de mensuração. Os três instrumentos com mais estudos foram o WHOQOL-100 (incluindo sua versão reduzida e o módulo SRPB), a Escala de Bem-estar Espiritual (EBE) e a Escala de Coping Religioso/Espiritual (CRE) e sua versão abreviada (CRE-Breve). Pode-se concluir que ainda há escassos estudos na área, apesar de haver muitos instrumentos de mensuração, há poucos estudos continuados de validação para o contexto brasileiro.

RESUMO Diferentes autores vêm descrevendo usos inovadores de recursos de Avaliação Psicológica para promoção de efeitos terapêuticos em Psicologias Clínica e/ou da Saúde. O presente artigo apresenta três modelos nessa direção, a saber, o Psicodiagnóstico Interventivo (PI), o Psicodiagnóstico Interventivo de Orientação Psicanalítica (PIOP) e a Avaliação Terapêutica (Therapeutic Assessment; TA). São apresentados os fundamentos, estrutura (tipo de técnicas e intervenções usadas), vantagens da proposta em relação ao modelo tradicional de Avaliação Psicológica e pesquisas sobre cada modelo, seguido de uma discussão sobre seus potenciais e limitações. Conclui-se que os modelos compartilham entre si a proposta de integrar avaliação e intervenção breves, promovendo efeitos terapêuticos ao proporcionar que as pessoas atendidas sejam acolhidas e tenham um conhecimento ampliado de suas queixas e seu potencial para lidar com elas. Ao mesmo tempo, os três modelos apresentam limitações para o atendimento a queixas de alta gravidade ou em contextos de avaliação compulsória. Palavras-chaves: avaliação psicológica; avaliação terapêutica; psicodiagnóstico; psicodiagnóstico interventivo; intervenção.

Within the context of research and practice with self-expression techniques, the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) presents several advantages widely acknowledged. However, in spite of well-developed research with this instrument being seen in other countries, no recent Brazilian studies have been carried out up to date. Such situation arise the need of efforts in order to show the properties of the TAT in the current Brazilian cultural context, so that its strengths and weaknesses can be known. In this sense, the development of norms on the typical performance of a non-clinic population is an important first step toward resuming the Brazilian studies on the TAT, at the same time such norms could be used by applied professionals. Considering that the validation of self-expression techniques is related to classification systems (and not the instruments themselves), the present project adoptsamong the myriad of categorizing systems for TAT stories-the one proposed by Monique Morval, which was developed for students and professionals with no experience with the TAT. Such system adopts assumptions from Henry Murray's Personology, Cognitive Psychology and Ego Psychology, providing both objective and qualitative data on the stories. Due to resemblance of this system with the one currently approved for use by the Evaluation System of Psychological Tests (Sistema de Avaliação dos Testes Psicológicos, SATEPSI) of the Brazilian Federal Council of Psychological, there is a potential for the adoption of such system by Brazilian psychologists. In order to carry out the present project, the now called morvalian system was improved by revising and adding new categories and subcategories, which was based on both Brazilian and international studies regarding. The present project, thus, aimed to develop norms for the TAT (morvalian system) in adults from a randomized, non-clinical sample, which was stratified in terms of age, gender, schooling and socialeconomical levels. The study was carried out in the city of Ribeirão Preto (Brazilian state of São Paulo), with a n = 100 sample (25-44 years of age). Participants were invited to take part of the study during visits to randomly selected houses, located in regions of different socialeconomical levels. Participants were individually assessed, using a semi-structured interview script, a measure of intelligence (the TIG-NV-General Non-Verbal Intelligence Test) and 20 TAT cards, selected according to the original manual of this instrument. Data was compiled with the morvalian system's categories and went through both statistically and qualitative analyzes in search for performance differences related to gender, schooling and socialeconomical levels. The results showed few differences across the groups, which do not support for the elaboration of specific norms. However, results also showed a significant (although small) trend for better performance of groups with better schooling and socialeconomical levels on the variables related to stories' formal organization. Such results are discu...

Comunidades Terapêuticas (CT) são instituições para usuários abusivos de drogas ainda pouco estudadas na realidade brasileira. O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar a vinculação de internos aos princípios de uma CT e sua relação com o processo de mudança vivenciado ao longo do tratamento. Sete homens dependentes de crack, cocaína e álcool foram avaliados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, Inventário Multifásico Minnesota de Personalidade (Improved Readability Form) e Teste de Apercepção Temática (TAT), no início e ao final do tratamento. Os resultados sugerem melhor vínculo dos participantes aos princípios da CT em geral ao final da internação. Os internos que se vincularam aos princípios de mudança pessoal apresentaram mudanças mais expressivas do que aqueles que aderiram apenas aos princípios morais e religiosos. Os resultados sugerem que o tratamento na CT promove melhoras no funcionamento psicológico, ainda que em diferentes graus, dependendo do nível de integração dos recursos da personalidade.

In a serial feature-positive conditional discrimination procedure the properties of a target stimulus A are defined by the presence or not of a feature stimulus X preceding it. In the present experiment, composite features preceded targets associated with two different topography operant responses (right and left bar pressing); matching and non-matching-to-sample arrangements were also used. Five water-deprived Wistar rats were trained in 6 different trials: X-R→Ar and X-L→Al, in which X and A were same modality visual stimuli and the reinforcement was contingent to pressing either the right (r) or left (l) bar that had the light on during the feature (matching-to-sample); Y-R→Bl and Y-L→Br, in which Y and B were same modality auditory stimuli and the reinforcement was contingent to pressing the bar that had the light off during the feature (non-matching-to-sample); A-and Balone. After 100 training sessions, the animals were submitted to transfer tests with the targets used plus a new one (auditory click). Average percentages of stimuli with a response were measured. Acquisition occurred completely only for Y-L→Br+; however, complex associations were established along training. Transfer was not complete during the tests since concurrent effects of extinction and response generalization also occurred. Results suggest the use of both simple conditioning and configurational strategies, favoring the most recent theories of conditional discrimination learning. The implications of the use of complex arrangements for discussing these theories are considered.

Estrutura da personalidade e mudanças relacionadas ao tratamento em CTs ... 4.3. Algumas observações sobre o método de pesquisa e de análise dos resultados 146 4.4.