Mendes MRSSB, Gusmão JL, Faro ACM, Leite RCBO. RESUMOO envelhecimento é uma questão explorada por pesquisadores, epidemiologistas e estatísticos por meio de investigações científicas encontradas na literatura nacional e internacional, que revelam a projeção notória desta população de idosos. No panorama mundial, bem como nos países em desenvolvimento, a população idosa aumenta significativamente e o contraponto desta realidade aponta que o suporte para essa nova condição não evolui com a mesma velocidade. Diante disto, a preocupação com esse novo perfil populacional vem gerando, nos últimos anos, inúmeras discussões e a realização de diversos estudos com o objetivo de fornecerem dados que subsidiem o desenvolvimento de políticas e programas adequados para essa parcela da população. Isto devido ao fato que a referida população requer cuidados específicos e direcionados às peculiaridades advindas com o processo do envelhecimento sem segregá-los da sociedade. Assim sendo, esse artigo tem como objetivo discutir sobre a situação social do idoso no Brasil, considerando os aspectos demográficos, epidemiológicos e os aspectos psicossociais com destaque para a aposentadoria, a importância da família e as relações interpessoais.Descritores: Idoso; Situação Social; Epidemiologia; Aposentadoria; Família ABSTRACT The national and international literature suggest that the process of becoming old in an issue of great interest for researchers, statisticians, and epidemiologists. The literature shows that the population of elderly worldwide is increasing rapidly. Particularly in countries in development, this population has been increasing significantly but the resources and support systems necessary to attend this population is not expanding at the same rate. Therefore, concerns regarding this population profile have led to many serious discussions and studies to provide data to those in political position to create adequate programs and policies to attend to the specific needs of the elderly population without isolating them from society. Thus, the goal of this paper is to discuss the social situation of the elderly in Brazil taken into consideration demographic, epidemiologic, and psychosocial. Emphasis is placed on retirement, the importance of the family, and on the interpersonal relationships.Keywords: Elder; Social situation; Epidemiology; Retirement; Family RESUMEN El envejecimiento es un asunto explorado por investigadores, epidemiólogos y estadísticos por medio de investigaciones científicas encontradas en la literatura nacional e internacional, que revelan la proyección notoria de esta población de ancianos. En el panorama mundial, así como en los países en desarrollo, la población anciana aumenta significativamente y el contrapunto de esta realidad señala que el soporte para esa nueva condición no ha evolucionado con la misma velocidad. Frente a esto, la preocupación por ese nuevo perfil poblacional viene generando, en los últimos años, innumerables discusiones y la realización de diversos estudios con el objetivo d...

This study aims to learn the characteristics of Family Health Strategy (FHS) teams from a Regional Health Coordination of RS, identifying its difficulties in the work process. It is a qualitative exploratory-descriptive study, with a questionnaire application. Results revealed a group of young females with recent professional education. Regarding the work process, some difficulties observed were: the hiring model, the lack of infrastructure of the health units, the difficulty to work in teams, the lack of specialization of the employees, the non-comprehension of the population about the FHS proposal and even the reporting of the lack of difficulties. Some of the results corroborate the data reported by the literature, but the last two items were poorly explored in other studies, constituting relevant aspects to be considered in the work process and in the implementation of the FHS.

This work aimed to characterize mortality by sickle cell disease in Brazil. The MEDLINE electronic database was searched using the terms ‘mortality’ and ‘sickle cell disease’ and ‘Brazil’ for articles published in the last five years aiming to provide a current analysis of the subject in question. Eight studies on mortality by sickle cell disease were carried out in the Brazilian states of Maranhão, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and Mato Grosso do Sul. The majority of the deaths occurred in patients with sickle cell anemia, which is the most common genotype and causes the most severe clinical manifestation of the disease. In summary, there are few published studies on mortality related to sickle cell disease in Brazil, and most are from the state of Minas Gerais. This study emphasizes the importance of developing more studies on sickle cell disease mortality, so that it may be possible to profile gene carriers and give health professionals more data to strategize the delivery of more effective assistance to these individuals. Despite the early diagnosis of sickle cell disease by the Neonatal Screening Program and the use of preventive and therapeutic measures (penicillin, immunization and hydroxyurea), mortality by sickle cell disease on the world stage is still significant.

Proteomic approach has allowed large-scale studies of protein expression in different tissues and body fluids in discrete conditions and/or time points. Recent advances of methodologies in this field have opened new opportunities to obtain relevant information on normal and abnormal processes occurring in the human body. In the current report, the main proteomics techniques and their application to human disease study are reviewed.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of puerperal mothers about the Guthrie test. Methods: A total of 75 mothers who sought primary care between October 2014 and February 2015 were investigated. The form was applied by the main researcher and the data was analyzed, using descriptive statistics with Microsoft Office Excel, and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) programs. Association tests and statistical power were applied.Results: Among the 75 mothers, 47 (62.7%) would have liked to receive more information about the newborn screening, especially regarding the correct sample collection period, followed by the screened morbidities. Most participants (n=55; 85.9%) took their children to be tested between the third and the seventh day of birth, as recommended by the Brazilian Health Ministry. Fifty-four women (72%) were unable to name the morbidities screened by the test in Minas Gerais, and they were also unaware that most have genetic etiology. The health professional who informed the mother about the Guthrie test was mainly the physician. This information was given prenatally to 57% of the cases, and to 43 % at the time of discharge from the hospital. The association test showed that mothers with higher education have more knowledge about the purpose and importance of the Guthrie test. The statistical power was 83.5%.Conclusions: Maternal knowledge about the Guthrie test is superficial and may reflect the health team’s usual practice.

Financial support: none Conflict of interest: noneEndometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease characterized by sustained painful symptoms that are responsible for a decline in the quality of life of sufferers. Conventional treatment includes surgical and pharmacological therapy aiming at reducing painful symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate pain levels in women with endometriosis, focusing on the influence of conventional treatment in controlling this variable. To do so, a literature search was conducted in the Medline/Pubmed databases, with 119 scientific articles found. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 27 were selected for reading and elaboration of this review. Thus, 9 studies evaluated the contribution of surgery, 17 the use of drugs to reduce pain levels in patients with endometriosis and one assessed surgical and medical treatment. The main results of these searches are presented and discussed in this revision. Surgery and the use of drugs provided reduced pain scores in patients with endometriosis but nevertheless exhibit disadvantages, such as risk of recurrence and side effects, respectively. Treatment of endometriosis is, therefore, a challenge for gynecologists and patients, as they must select the best therapeutic approach for this disease.However, improved quality of life in these patients has been obtained with the use of conventional treatment.

Objective: To present the main results of the literature on genetic polymorphisms in Turner syndrome and their association with the clinical signs and the etiology of this chromosomal disorder. Data sources: The review was conducted in the PubMed database without any time limit, using the terms Turner syndrome and genetic polymorphism. A total of 116 articles were found, and based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria 17 were selected for the review. Data synthesis: The polymorphisms investigated in patients with Turner syndrome were associated with growth deficit, causing short stature, low bone mineral density, autoimmunity and cardiac abnormalities, which are frequently found in patients with Turner syndrome. The role of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the etiology of Turner syndrome, i.e., in chromosomal nondisjunction, was also confirmed. Conclusions: Genetic polymorphisms appear to be associated with Turner syndrome. However, in view of the small number of published studies and their contradictory findings, further studies in different populations are needed in order to clarify the role of genetic variants in the clinical signs and etiology of the Turner syndrome. Síndrome de Turner; Polimorfismo genético; Síndrome de Turner e polimorfismo genético: uma revisão sistemática Resumo Objetivo: Apresentar os principais resultados dos estudos que investigaram polimorfismos genéticos em síndrome de Turner, bem como sua associação com alguns sinais clínicos e etiologia desse distúrbio cromossômico. DOI of original article: http://dx.ARTICLE IN PRESS +Model 2 Marqui ABT Hormônio do crescimento; Aneuploidia Fontes de dados: Revisão bibliográfica feita no PubMed, sem limite de período, com os seguintes termos: Turner syndrome and genetic polymorphism. Foram identificados 116 artigos e, de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 17 foram selecionados para leitura. Síntese dos dados: Os polimorfismos investigados em pacientes com síndrome de Turner estavam relacionados com déficit de crescimento, que causou baixa estatura, densidade mineral óssea baixa, autoimunidade e anomalias cardíacas, que podem estar presentes com frequências significativas nas pacientes. Também foi verificado o papel dos polimorfismos de único nucleotídeo (SNPs) na etiologia da síndrome de Turner, ou seja, na não disjunção cromossômica. Conclusões: Os polimorfismos genéticos parecem estar associados à síndrome de Turner. Entretanto, por conta dos poucos estudos publicados e dos achados contraditórios, pesquisas em diferentes populações são necessárias para esclarecer o papel dessas variantes genéticas para os sinais clínicos e a etiologia do distúrbio cromossômico.

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