One of the unresolved geriatric problems in neuropharmacology remains the lack of specifically designed drugs and therapeutic and preventive measures for older adults with hypertension and/or stroke. In particular, there are no standards for virtual geriatric patients aged 65–70 years, 70–90 years, and over 90 years, as well as courses of pharmacotherapy for diseases in them. The fact is that modern drugs and standards of their use in the treatment of diseases are still traditionally focused on a virtual object, which represents a person of mature age weighing about 70 kg. Therefore, it is proposed to develop clinical standards appropriate for three groups of geriatric patients. The main characteristics of health status, hypertension and rehabilitation of elderly people after a stroke, as well as the peculiarities of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of drugs are given. It is hoped that the use of such virtual targets will optimize the adjustment of treatment of hypertension and stroke in elderly people and will reduce drug complications and polypragmasy.
Historically, the bulk of known drugs was created for resorptive action. Therefore, the mechanism of action of drugs was attributed to the specific action of the main ingredients once they were absorbed into the bloodstream. In recent years, it has been found that the mechanism of local action of drugs is determined not only by the specific activity of their main ingredients but also by the nonspecific activity of the excipients and formulation ingredients included in the ready-to-use drug: tablet, injectable solution, aerosol, etc. In this regard, there is an opportunity to repurpose drugs by purposefully changing their quality by changing the physical, chemical, and physical-chemical properties of the finished products. As an example, two new groups of drugs intended for local application to dissolve dense pus and discolor blood stains, namely, piolytics and drugs that bleach bruises, have been created. It is shown that the advantage and at the same time the limitation of the upgraded preparations is their local application, as their peculiarity is the realization of the physical-chemical principle of the drug action in local interaction with the selected part of the patient’s organism.
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