Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет 400131, Волгоград, площадь Павших Борцов, 1 Цель. Оценить структуру назначения, эффективность и безопасность антитромботической терапии у больных с постоянной формой фибрилляции предсердий (ФП). Материал и методы. Выполнено простое несравнительное ретроспективное описательное одномоментное фармакоэпидемиологическое исследование на основе анализа 263 историй болезни пациентов с постоянной формой ФП, госпитализированных в кардиологическое отделение многопрофильного стационара. Результаты. Все пациенты стратифицированы на три группы в зависимости от значения индекса CHA 2 DS 2-VASc. В каждой группе оценивали антитромботическую терапию. У 1% (n=3) пациентов вероятность развития инсульта минимальная, поэтому необходимость в антитромботической терапии отсутствовала. Группу пациентов со значением индекса CHA 2 DS 2-VASc, равном 1, составили 6% (n=15) больных с ФП, которым в 0,7% случаев (n=2) была назначена ацетилсалициловая кислота, в 5% (n=12)-варфарин. Высокий риск развития тромбоэмболических осложнений (CHA 2 DS 2-VASc≥2) имели 93% (n=245) пациентов, 65% (n=172) из которых получали варфарин. Заключение. Антитромботическая терапия назначалась подавляющему большинству (97,7%) пациентов с ФП. В 25,4% случаев применялись антитромбоцитарные препараты, в том числе для пациентов с высоким риском развития тромбоэмболических осложнений. Варфарин назначался в 70,3% случаев. Однако целевой уровень гипокоагуляции был достигнут лишь у 51% больных. Ключевые слова: фибрилляция предсердий, тромбоэмболические осложнения, фармакоэпидемиологическое исследование, антитромботическая терапия. Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии 2014;10(2):174-178 Analysis of antithrombotic therapy in in-patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (pharmacoepidemiology study)
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease which affects >24% of the population in Russia. Triamcinolone acetonide (TAA) is a corticosteroid used for treating AR. This post hoc analysis assesses the efficacy of intranasal TAA in improving perennial AR (PAR) symptom scores over 4 weeks. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> NASANIF (NCT03317015) was a double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter, prospective, non-inferiority, phase III clinical trial in which patients with PAR were randomized (1:1) to receive TAA or fluticasone propionate (FP) over 4 weeks. Our post hoc analysis evaluates weekly change in PAR symptoms using the reflective Total Nasal Symptom Score (rTNSS), overall and for individual symptoms (sneezing, nasal itching, rhinorrhoea, and nasal obstruction). Proportion of patients and time to achieve a ≥50 or ≥75% reduction in rTNSS were assessed. For rTNSS endpoints, a linear mixed-model methodology was used; for time-to-event endpoints, cumulative incidence functions were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, in the per-protocol population. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 260 patients, 128 each completed the study and were randomized to receive TAA or FP. From baseline to week 4, the changes in total rTNSS were −7.78 (95% CI: −8.1701 to −7.3967; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and −7.52 (−7.9053 to −7.1320; <i>p</i> < 0.001) for TAA and FP, respectively. Individual symptoms improved significantly from baseline. The proportion of patients achieving ≥50 and ≥75% reductions in total rTNSS was 88.0 and 67.2%, respectively in the TAA group. No significant differences were observed between the TAA and FP in any analyses. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> TAA produced effective and prolonged improvement of PAR symptoms over a 4-week treatment period.
Aim. To evaluate the prevalence of accomplished goal in laboratory clotting parameters for the anticoagulant therapy in deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Material and methods. The study is performed as one-stage, descriptive, analytic, pharmacoepidemiologic investigation. The material for the study were 200 case histories of DVT from Volgograd hospitals. The analyzed were: structure of anticoagulant prescription, coagulogrammes with APTT, prothrombin complex and INR.Results. Direct acting anticoagulants were prescribed in 91% cases. High-molecular heparin was used in 84,5% prescriptions, low-molecular heparins — in 6,5%. Monitoring of APTT was done only in 36% patients. The target values of APTT (1,5–2,5 times higher than upper limit) was reached only in 6% cases. Of the indirect anticoagulants warfarin was used in 75,5%. Although laboratory control of warfarin was done in 97% cases, only in 28% of patients INR at discharge was in the range 2,0–3,0.Conclusion. The data witnesses a variety of drawbacks in anticoagulant therapy of DVT patients. High dosages of HMW heparin and warfarin, not enough rigourous control and dosage titration led to the absence of the desired therapeutic diapasone of hypocoagulation.
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease that affects ≤24% of people in Russia, significantly impairing quality of life (QoL). Intranasal corticosteroids, such as triamcinolone acetonide (TAA), are considered effective drugs for treatment. A post hoc analysis of data (phase III NASANIF trial) examined weekly QoL changes in patients receiving TAA for the treatment of perennial AR (PAR). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> NASANIF (NCT03317015) was a double-blind, parallel group, multicenter, prospective, noninferiority, phase III clinical trial. Patients with PAR were randomized (1:1) to receive TAA or fluticasone propionate (FP) for 4 weeks. Here, a post hoc analysis measures QoL using a shortened Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (miniRQLQ). Differences in miniRQLQ score were evaluated using a mixed linear model and descriptive statistics. A subgroup analysis was performed in patients with a previous diagnosis of allergic conjunctivitis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 260 patients eligible for randomization, 128 each completed treatment with TAA or FP. Overall and individual domain scores progressively improved and were significantly different versus baseline at week 4 in both treatment groups: LS mean difference TAA: −30.92 (95% CI [−33.01 to −28.83]), <i>p</i> < 0.001, and FP: −31.13 (−33.23 to −29.04), <i>p</i> < 0.001. In both arms of the subgroup, there was a significant reduction in eye symptoms. There was no significant difference between the TAA and FP treatment groups in any analyses. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> TAA is effective in improving overall and individual domains of QoL in patients with PAR, over 4 weeks. Patients with a previous diagnosis of allergic conjunctivitis experienced significant improvements in QoL related to the resolution of these symptoms.
Аллергический ринит является распространенной проблемой, частота случаев которой всё время растет. В двух недавних публикациях было показано, что интраназальный триамцинолона ацетонид является эффективным средством, которое неуклонно облегчает назальные симптомы и улучшает качество жизни взрослых пациентов с круглогодичным аллергическим ринитом.
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