Two unusual trinorsesquiterpenoids, urechitols A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the root extract of Pentalinon andrieuxii, a plant used commonly in Yucatecan traditional medicine to treat leishmaniasis. The structures of 1 and 2 were identified by interpretation of their spectroscopic data and chemical correlation reactions. The relative stereochemistry of 1 was confirmed through an X-ray crystallographic study.

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Natural products are recognized as an important source of new and better pharmaceuticals for the treatment of diseases such as tuberculosis. The azorellane and mulinane diterpenoids represent an interesting group of bioactive metabolites produced by Andean plants belonging to the Azorella, Mulinum, Laretia and Bolax genus. Testing of natural and semisynthetic azorellanes and mulinanes against two Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains showed that while most changes in the structure of the natural metabolites result in the loss of antituberculosis activity, methylation of the C-20 carboxyl group improves the biological activity of the corresponding derivatives.

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