To understand the geographic distribution of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil, both the climatic niches of Lutzomyia longipalpis and VL cases were analysed. Distributional data were obtained from 55 of the 79 counties of MS between 2003-2012. Ecological niche models (ENM) of Lu. longipalpis and VL cases were produced using the maximum entropy algorithm based on eight climatic variables. Lu. longipalpis showed a wide distribution in MS. The highest climatic suitability for Lu. longipalpis was observed in southern MS. Temperature seasonality and annual mean precipitation were the variables that most influenced these models. Two areas of high climatic suitability for the occurrence of VL cases were predicted: one near Aquidauana and another encompassing several municipalities in the southeast region of MS. As expected, a large overlap between the models for Lu. longipalpis and VL cases was detected. Northern and northwestern areas of MS were suitable for the occurrence of cases, but did not show high climatic suitability for Lu. longipalpis . ENM of vectors and human cases provided a greater understanding of the geographic distribution of VL in MS, which can be applied to the development of future surveillance strategies.

This study updates the geographic distributions of phlebotomine species in Central-West Brazil and analyses the climatic factors associated with their occurrence. The data were obtained from the entomology services of the state departments of health in Central-West Brazil, scientific collections and a literature review of articles from 1962-2014. Ecological niche models were produced for sandfly species with more than 20 occurrences using the Maxent algorithm and eight climate variables. In all, 2,803 phlebotomine records for 127 species were analysed. Nyssomyia whitmani, Evandromyia lenti and Lutzomyia longipalpis were the species with the greatest number of records and were present in all the biomes in Central-West Brazil. The models, which were produced for 34 species, indicated that the Cerrado areas in the central and western regions of Central-West Brazil were climatically more suitable to sandflies. The variables with the greatest influence on the models were the temperature in the coldest months and the temperature seasonality. The results show that phlebotomine species in Central-West Brazil have different geographical distribution patterns and that climate conditions in essentially the entire region favour the occurrence of at least one Leishmania vector species, highlighting the need to maintain or intensify vector control and surveillance strategies.

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RESUMO -Há poucas informações sobre a composição fl orística das fl orestas estacionais em Mato Grosso do Sul. O objetivo deste trabalho foi atualizar o conhecimento sobre a composição fl orística das fl orestas estacionais do MS no Biota-MS. Foram utilizadas coletas de plantas lenhosas dos autores e de outros coletores em Florestas estacionais semidecíduas ou decíduas, ou em áreas de transição, depositadas nos herbários CGMS, COR e DDMS. Acrescentaram-se exemplares depositadas no herbário MBM e em alguns casos no herbário ESA coletadas no estado. Foram encontradas 497 espécies distribuídas em 69 famílias e 270 gêneros. As famílias mais ricas foram Leguminosae com 88 espécies, Euphorbiaceae (36 spp.), Myrtaceae (32 spp.), Malvaceae (25spp.), Rubiaceae (23 spp.), Moraceae (18 spp.), Rutaceae e Lauraceae (15spp.), Sapindaceae 14 spp.), Apocynaceae (12spp.) e Meliaceae (10spp.). Os gêneros mais ricos foram Ficus e Eugenia com 13 espécies, Mimosa, Cordia e Piper com nove, Croton e Bauhinia com oito, Aspidosperma, Zanthoxylum e Nectandra com sete espécies Palavras-chave: Leguminosae, mata seca, vegetação ABSTRACT -Woody fl ora of dry forests of Mato Grosso do Sul: state of the art. There is little information on the composition of seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTFs) in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. This study aimed to update the knowledge of SDTFs of Mato Grosso do Sul, in the context of Biota-MS. We used Herbarium data (CGMS, COR and DDMS) of woody plants collected in deciduous and semideciduous forests, as well as transitional areas. Other records collected in Mato Grosso do Sul from the Herbarium MBM and, in some cases, from the Herbarium ESA were added. We compiled 497 species distributed in 69 botanical families and 270 genera. The richest families were Leguminosae with 88 species, Euphorbiaceae (36 spp.), Myrtaceae (32 spp.), Malvaceae (25 spp.), Rubiaceae (23 spp.), Moraceae (18 spp.), Rutaceae and Lauraceae (15 spp.), Sapindaceae (14 spp.), Apocynaceae (12 spp.) and Meliaceae (10 spp.). The richest genera were Ficus and Eugenia with 13 species, Mimosa, Cordia and Piper with nine, Croton and Bauhinia with eight, Aspidosperma, Zanthoxylum and Nectandra with seven species each.

RESUMO-O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o cenário atual das coleções botânicas de Mato Grosso do Sul, buscando contribuir para o direcionamento de ações visando uma melhor documentação da fl ora do estado. Informações sobre o número de exsicatas depositadas nos herbários de Mato Grosso do Sul foram obtidas através de consulta direta aos seus respectivos curadores ou adquirido no banco de dados do Centro de Referência em Informação Ambiental (CRIA). Foram encontrados 150.360 exemplares coletados no Mato Grosso do Sul e um índice de 0,41 coletas/km² para o estado. Para que o Mato Grosso do Sul alcance apenas a média nacional de coletas seriam necessários aproximadamente 210.000 exemplares, cerca de 60.000 a mais do que já foi coletado. Torna-se imprescindível que sejam defi nidas estratégias, diretrizes e metas visando o fortalecimento e à modernização das coleções biológicas, bem como o conhecimento da fl ora sul-mato-grossense.

This study aims to evaluate the richness of the Papilionoideae species found in the Parque Estadual das Várzeas do Rio Ivinhema (PEVRI), which is located in the southeast region of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, and investigate if the habits of this Leguminosae group vary in different formations of the park. Monthly collections, including all habits, were made by walking along pre-established trails, from September 2004 to September 2009. The PEVRI includes Seasonal Semideciduous Forest, Seasonal Alluvial Semideciduous Forest and fields. Twenty-three species distributed in 16 genera and 5 tribes were recorded. Phaseoleae was noted with 7 genera, followed by Dalbergieae with 6 genera and Desmodieae, Indigofereae and Crotalarieae with only 1 genus in each species. Among the 16 recorded genera, Crotalaria L. (4), Aeschynomene L. (3), Desmodium Desv., and Vigna Savi (2) were the most representative. The Papilionoideae with herbaceous and subshrub habits were predominant in humid and pastures, while arboreous species and lianas were recorded in the Seasonal Semideciduous Forest. Nine species of Papilionoideae were recorded in humid grasslands, eight species in Seasonal Semideciduous Forest, and only one in Alluvial Semideciduous Forest. Papilionoideae found in the PEVRI have also been recorded in cerrado, Seasonal Semideciduous Forest and Pantanal, except Andira inermis, which does not present a reference for Seasonal Alluvial Semideciduous Forest.

We investigated the influence of Quaternary climate fluctuations on the current distribution of three species of Leguminosae (Fabaceae) occurring in the Chaco. Potential distribution models of Bauhinia hagenbeckii, Muellera nudiflora and Neltuma rubriflora with a supposed endemism area were generated. The Last Interglacial, Last Glacial Maximum, Holocene Middle and current scenarios were used. The species showed a potential distribution according to the South American biogeographic history regarding the glacier regression and the formation of the Dry Diagonal. The models for each Quaternary event exhibited a tolerable AUC ≥ 0.9 for the validations. The LGM was the event that favoured the current species establishment areas in the Dry Diagonal. Quaternary climatic events were related to the current Leguminosae distribution. Bauhinia hagenbeckii and Neltuma rubriflora present similar areas of environmental suitability. Muellera nudiflora models with areas of environmental suitability were larger for the LIG and Holocene than for areas from other periods. All scenario models (LGM, HM and current scenario) highlighted the potential distribution of the three species concomitant with the glacier regression events and were consistent with the history of formation of South American dry areas.

Resumo O Chaco é maior domínio de florestas contínuas da América do Sul e agrega distintas famílias botânicas com destaque à Leguminosae. A elevada riqueza e diversidade de membros de Leguminosae, sobretudo de Papilionoideae, aliada à distribuição de determinados gêneros comuns às florestas secas tem motivado a investigação deste interessante grupo de plantas nas formações chaquenhas do Brasil. Este estudo florístico-taxonômico fornece chave de identificação, descrições morfológicas, ilustrações, comentários taxonômicos e ambientes preferenciais das espécies de Papilionoideae ocorrentes no Chaco do Brasil. Confirmamos a ocorrência de 45 espécies, distribuídas em 21 gêneros. Os gêneros com maior número de espécies são Aeschynomene (10), Galactia (4), Indigofera (4), Stylosanthes (4) e Desmodium (3). Os demais encontram-se representados por duas ou uma espécie: Arachis (2), Centrosema (2), Macroptilium (2), Rhynchosia (2), Amburana (1), Ancistrotropis (1), Camptosema (1), Crotalaria (1), Discolobium (1), Dolichopsis (1), Geoffroea (1), Machaerium (1) e Muellera (1), Sesbania (1), Tephrosia (1) e Zornia (1). Espécies dos gêneros Muellera, Dolichopsis e Geoffroea são exclusivas de áreas secas da América do Sul. Aeschynomene magna é registrada pela primeira vez para o Brasil, e considerada endêmica do Chaco. Stylosanthes maracajuensis é o primeiro registro para o Chaco.