A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2019 to assess the Effect of brown manuring and different levels of nutrients on growth and yield attributes of aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) at Crop Research Centre, Dr Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar. This experiment was conducted in randomized block design (factorial) with sixteen treatment combinations replicated thrice using the rice variety “Abhishek” as a test crop which was planted with a spacing of 20 cm row to row, with the seed rate of 40 kg ha-1. The experimental results indicated that higher values of growth parameters viz. Plant height (109cm), tillers/m2 (355), dry matter production (969g/m2) and crop growth rate (12.2g/m2/day) were observed in rice + brown manuring treatment (B2) as compared to rice without brown manuring (B1) at harvest. While among the nutrient levels, treatment F8- 70 kg/ha phosphorous and 50 kg/ha potassium as split recorded significantly higher growth parameters (tillers/m2, dry matter production and crop growth rate), yield attributes (panicles/m2, grains/panicle), grain yield, while remaining at par with treatment F4 -60 kg/ha phosphorous and 50 kg/ha potassium as split. However, the interaction effect of both the factors did not significantly influence any of the parameters. Further the Aerobic rice cultivation save 40-45 per cent of water as compared to low land cultivation of rice.
Pulses are a crucial group of crops that supply high-quality protein to complement the protein found in cereal crops for the large vegetarian population. Water scarcity and inefficient water management pose significant challenges to pulse production, which is crucial for food security and sustainable agriculture. This paper focuses on optimizing water utilization in pulse production to enhance crop yields and mitigate the impact on water resources. We explore various strategies and technologies that can improve water-use efficiency, including precision irrigation techniques, soil moisture monitoring, water-saving practices, and genetic improvement programs for drought-tolerant varieties. Additionally, we discuss the benefits of agroforestry systems and crop rotation in enhancing water infiltration and soil health. By implementing these measures, farmers can optimize water utilization, increase pulse yields, and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices. This research highlights the importance of addressing water scarcity in pulse production to ensure food security in the face of changing climatic conditions and growing population demands.
Agriculture, as one of the oldest and most essential human endeavors, has constantly evolved through the integration of technology. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a pivotal tool, redefining traditional agricultural paradigms. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted implications and applications of nanotechnology within agriculture, providing a holistic view of its past, present, and future roles. Historically, nanotechnology's initial foray into agriculture sought to tackle prevalent challenges, from pest control to soil fertility. Despite some early obstacles, this merger has since showcased myriad successful applications, underscored by targeted and efficient solutions that significantly enhance crop yield and food quality. The present-day agricultural landscape is punctuated by nano-fertilizers ensuring optimal nutrient uptake, nanopesticides targeting pests with minimal off-target effects, nanosensors enabling precision agriculture, nano-based food packaging enhancing shelf life, and nanomaterials aiding in disease diagnosis and treatment. However, with innovation come challenges. The environmental and health ramifications of introducing nanoparticles into ecosystems remain a concern. While they promise reduced chemical usage and waste, potential issues like nanoparticle accumulation, unknown long-term effects, and possible toxicity necessitate rigorous research and regulation. Economically, the nano-agri sector promises substantial yield increases, but it also requires significant investments. As the technology permeates the agricultural supply chain, ramifications on job markets, trade dynamics, and global competitiveness become evident. Looking forward, anticipated advancements include smart nanodevices, potent nano-bio interfaces, and self-repairing materials. Nanobots, soil health rejuvenation techniques, and advanced nano-encapsulation are among the many potential R&D avenues. The road ahead requires collaborative efforts from governments, research institutions, farmers, and the private sector. Public-private partnerships, in particular, could prove indispensable, merging public sector oversight with private sector innovation.
It aims to examine the impact of nano and non-nano fertilizers on rice quality and productivity. Rice is a staple food crop for a large portion of the global population, the use of fertilizers is essential for optimizing yields and maintaining food security. The emergence of nano-fertilizers presents new opportunities for enhancing nutrient use efficiency, plant growth, and rice quality. However, limitations in existing research, such as the lack of comparative studies and methodological inconsistencies, make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the relative merits of nano and non-nano fertilizers. The implementation of nano-fertilizers faces challenges related to cost, accessibility, regulatory frameworks, and public perception. Future research should focus on long-term field studies, investigating potential risks and benefits, and developing sustainable and cost-effective formulations. By addressing these challenges and knowledge gaps, this review seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential impacts of nano and non-nano fertilizers on rice cultivation and contribute to the development of sustainable agricultural practices.
The study was carried out in the winter (rabi) season to determine effect of Nano and Non-nano nutrient, the study's findings revealed that wheat grown with 100% NPK + nano nutrients (N + P + K + Zn) had significantly higher uptake, namely N (143.1 kg ha-1), P (28.9 kg ha-1), K (109.0 kg ha-1), and Zn (519.5 g ha-1). Applications of nano nutrients—N, P, K, and Zn, and N + P + K + Zn + 75% NPK—worked synergistically and increased content and uptake over 100% NPK. Similarly, the agronomic efficiency (kg of grain kg-1 of nutrient applied) of N (22.4), P (56.0), and K (84.0) was greatest when 75% NPK + nano N + bio nano P, K, and Zn were applied. In a similar manner, physiological efficiency and partial factor productivity were also found to be significantly higher with the same treatment. Thus, the wheat crop grown with the application of Nano-N + 75 and 100 percent NPK led to higher nutrient content, accumulation, and efficiency.
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