Objective:-To examine the effect of intravaginal dehydroepiandrosterone on vagina and endometrium specially on symptoms and signs of vaginal atrophy and sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women.Material and Method:-Study was conducted on 128 postmenopausal women between 40-75 year of age, presented with symptoms of vaginal atrophy and sexual dysfunction. Vaginal pH was determined, vaginal smear was examined for maturation index and maturation value, and endometrial biopsy was taken before and after intravaginal application of 0.5%DHEA ovules daily for 12 weeks.Results:-With DHEA, symptoms of sexual dysfunctions decreased significantly in 67% women (p<0.05), vaginal symptoms improved in 60% women (p<0.05).Vaginal pH was decreased by 1.1±0.06 unit (p<0.0001). Percentage of case with pH≤5 was increased to 79% from 34%, of parabasal cells decreased from 59.84±2.0 to 30.59±0.98 (p<0.0001) and of superficial cells increased by 8.66±0.18 (p<0.0001), maturation value increased by 20±0.63 (p<0.0001). Endometrial biopsy seen at the start of treatment remained unaffected by DHEA.Conclusion:-DHEA has many benefits of estrogen, with no side effects, and helps women with vaginal atrophy to stimulate the cellular growth of the vaginal wall and increase vaginal secretion, thus restoring the vagina to its youthful condition.Copy Right, IJAR, 2016,. All rights reserved.
Nodular fasciitis is a benign, pseudosarcomatous proliferative lesion of the soft tissue which is frequently misinterpreted as sarcoma, both clinically as well as microscopically. Incidence of nodular fasciitis in head and neck region being 13% only. We report here two cases of nodular fasciitis both occuring in head and neck region.
Background: From the diseases of the thyroid, benign neoplasms outnumber thyroid carcinomas by a ratio of 10:1. Overall, the incidence of thyroid malignancy is low, forming 0.5-1.0% of all cancers and 3.3-17% of all thyroid diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the pattern of thyroid lesions in thyroidectomy specimens received. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, GMC Patiala in a period of two years in which biopsies of thyroid gland of 97 patients were received. All the specimens obtained were fixed in formalin and processed. For light microscopy sections stained with H & E and studied. Therefore this study was done to analyze the common causes of thyroid lesions. Results: Out of 97 thyroidectomy specimens, 80 cases were non neoplastic and 13 cases were neoplastic. The non neoplastic lesions included 41 cases of colloid goitre , 25 cases of multinodular goitre, 8 cases of lymphocytic thyroiditis, 3 cases of Hashimoto thyroiditis , 1 case of granulomatous thyroiditis, 2 cases of adenomatous goitre. There were 13 neoplastic lesions consisting of 6 cases of follicular adenoma, 2 cases of follicular carcinoma, 4 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma and 1 case of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. In 4 cases, the diagnosis was inconclusive. The female: male ratio was 5.4:1. Conclusion: 1.Thyroid enlargement is a common OPD presentation with >50% being benign. 2. Most common cause of thyroid enlargement was colloid goitre (42.26%). 3. Females are affected more commonly than males (F:M ratio 5.4:1)
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