This research is conducted to determine and analyze carrying capacity of agricultural land of Sumatra Selatan in 2015 as well as to project it in 2030. The analysis is also carried out to describe the Optimum Population Number and Land Requirement per Hectare of each regency and municipality in 2030. The research method applied using quantitatively descriptive method in which the data is collected from secondary source such as Agricultural Ministry and Central Statistics Agency publication and supported by literature study. The result shows that Sumatra Selatan has high carrying capacity (τ > 1) in 2015 and 2030. It means that the province is capable of food self-sufficiency since the province is underpopulated. The projection indicates that there is decline of carrying capacity in 2030 occurring across the province. For example, Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU) Regency which previously has high carrying capacity, is predicted to have experience low carrying capacity.
The population of Jakarta Special Province continues to grow, most significantly after the 1960s, causing an increase of population density. The expanding population has been stimulating the development of the province, reflecting the rising demand of the population including land. Eventually, it influences the urbanization process and affects the dynamic of land utilization in Jakarta. This research is aimed to understand the correlation between urbanization phenomena and landuse change in Jakarta Special Province. The research implements the utilization of statistics, topographic map, and remote sensing data as well. The satellite image (Sentinel-2 Imagery) was used to determine urban area and non urban area which then describes the land urbanization level. During 3 years, Jakarta has experienced landuse change especially in residential area, green open space, and industrial area. In 2017, the urban area covered 76.89 percent of Jakarta’s land and the coverage increased into 78.35 percent in 2019. Land urbanization level raised from 77.16 percent into 78.03 percent which means that roughly 77 percent to 78 percent of land in Jakarta has been urbanized.
The Jakarta Capital Special Region of Jakarta is an area in the Java Island that has the highest level of vulnerability to land subsidence disasters. Land subsidence is caused by several factors such as excessive use of groundwater and natural compression of soil conditions. This study used a review analysis method based on a literature study on mitigation of land subsidence disasters in Jakarta city. The mitigation planning of land subsidence disasters in Jakarta will refer to government regulations on disaster management and Jakarta City spatial planning. Disaster mitigation is necessary to anticipate or reduce disaster risk. Disaster mitigation is a series of efforts to reduce disaster risk through physical development combined with awareness and capacity building in dealing with disaster threats. Education cannot be separated from the active role of the community and local government. High-densely populated areas will lead to more use of groundwater in Jakarta city. The excessive use of groundwater has resulted in more intensive land subsidence in Jakarta’s urban area. The safe zone mapping of subsidence disasters is prominent to reduce and control land subsidence disasters. The government’s efforts to lessen the impacts of land subsidence are by educating the population in disaster areas.
Economic development in Jakarta has been influencing physical and social characteristics of urban area significantly. For recent years, burgeoning population growth occurs as a result of urban development and contributes to the landuse dynamics in a certain area. Cengkareng, is one of the most developed urban areas in Jakarta and has been experiencing such population and landuse dynamics. Its strategic location has turned this area becomen densely-populated. Increasing population density increase land demand, shapes the settlement pattern, and changes the landuse of the area. A study conducted in Cengkareng District has been done to describe how the population density impacts the landuse features for landuse assessment. The method implemented in this study combines quantitative and qualitative to process statistics and satellite imagery to produce data of population density, landuse change, and settlement pattern of the studied area. The study resulted that Cengkareng has experienced such significant landuse change which is dominantly converted into settlement and offices due to rising of population density. Nucleated settlement pattern has taken more area regarding to increased land need over land supply. It becomes serious problem for Cengkareng such aa slum settlements, flood problems, and land subsidence. Keywords: Landuse change; Population density; Settlement pattern
Abstrak Sumberdaya air penting untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan semua makhluk hidup termasuk manusia. DAS Bodri menyediakan suplai air permukaan melalui sungai-sungai yang ada dalam DAS, yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh penduduk sekitar. Seiring berjalannya waktu, DAS Bodri mengalami perubahan penggunaan lahan yang menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan kebutuhan air dan terjadi ketidakseimbangan antara kebutuhan dan ketersediaan air permukaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu mengetahui keseimbangan antara kebutuhan air di masa yang akan datang dengan ketersediaan air permukaan di DAS Bodri tahun 2040. Perhitungan keseimbangan antara kebutuhan dan ketersediaan air permukaan dilakukan dengan membandingkan antara kebutuhan air total dan ketersediaan air permukaan. Parameter kebutuhan air total terdiri dari kebutuhan air domestik, fasilitas kesehatan, fasilitas pendidikan, fasilitas peribadatan, perkantoran, industri, pertokoan dan pasar, warung makan, peternakan, irigasi, dan tambak. Kebutuhan air di tahun mendatang diketahui melalui proyeksi secara eksponensial dan tetap dari data jumlah dalam perhitungan parameter. Kebutuhan air untuk aktivitas domestik dan nondomestik diestimasikan mencapai 2,44 miliar m3 pada tahun 2040. Hasil analisis neraca air menunjukkan bahwa status neraca air DAS Bodri tahun 2010-2019 mengalami defisiensi. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa potensi sumberdaya air permukaan masih belum mencukupi untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan air di DAS Bodri hingga tahun 2040. Abstract Water resources play an important role in meeting the needs of all living things, including humans. The Bodri watershed provides surface water supply through rivers on the watershed, which the local residents can use and utilize. Over time, the Bodri watershed underwent landuse change, which led to an increase in water demand, resulting in an imbalance between water demand and surface water availability. Calculation of the balance between demand and surface water availability is done by comparing the total water demand and the surface water availability. This study aims to determine the balance between future water demand and surface water availability in the Bodri watershed in 2040. The parameters used to determine total water demand consist of water needs of the following sectors; domestic, health facilities, educational facilities, religious facilities, offices, industry, shops and markets, food stalls, livestock, irrigation, and ponds. In the coming year, water demand is known through projections exponentially and permanently from the amount of data in the calculation of parameters. Water demand for domestic and non-domestic activities is estimated to reach 2.44 billion m3 in 2040. The water balance analysis results show that the status of the Bodri watershed water balance in 2010-2019 is deficient. The potential for surface water resources is still insufficient to meet the water needs in the Bodri watershed until 2040.
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