Research work was single blind placebo-controlled, conducted at General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan conducted from NOVEMBER 2015 to JANUARY 2016. 75 diagnosed primary hyperlipidemic patients were selected with age range from 20 to 60 years. Diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking/alcohol addictive patients, peptic ulcer disease, hypothyroidism, kidney dysfunction, any heart disease and liver disease. All patients were divided in three groups, ie; 25 in each group. All participant's baseline lipid profile data were taken and filed in specifically designed Performa, at start of taking medicine. Twenty five patients of group-I were advised to take 10 grams of Flaxseeds in three divided doses after meal. Twenty five patients of group-II were advised to take Ajwain seeds 10 grams in three divided doses after each meal for two months. Twenty five patients of group-III were provided placebo capsules, (containing grinded rice), taking one capsule after each meal. All participants were advised to take these medicines for eight weeks. Followup period: All participants were called fortnightly for their query and follow up. Their LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol was determined at the hospital laboratory. In two months therapy by Flaxseeds decreased LDL-cholesterol 6.2 % and increased HDL-cholesterol 7.7 %. Ajwain reduced LDL-cholesterol 8.9 % and HDL-cholesterol increased 13.1 %. All changes are biostatistically significant with p-value of <0.01. Conclusion: It was concluded from the research that both Flaxseeds and Ajwain are effective in Primary Hyperlipidemia, if used for two months with specific concentrations.
Background: The proportion of female students is increasing progressively in medical schools, but concern remains about differing performance in exams. A limited data is available on comparison of academic performance of male and female students from developing countries. Aim: To compare them regarding their academic performance in the subject of pharmacology. Methods: This comparative study was conducted at Pharmacology departments of Sheikh Zayed medical college Rahim yar khan and Quaid-e-Azam medical college Bahawalpur among 3rd yr MBBS students of sessions 2019 and 2020. The overall attendance of students was counted and compared as well as all the pharmacology test results were evaluated and compared on the basis of previous record of fortnightly, end of module, midterm and end term examinations. Results: Girls outnumbered boys (528 girls vs 437 boys) in medical admissions. The girls were having better attendance and test results ( 92% vs 65% for better attendance & 26% vs 19% for better results) in both sessions 2019 and 2020. The results also showed that students from literate background and urban areas got more admission in medical college but more number of boys are boarders compared to girls who prefer to be day scholars due to social circumstances of South Punjab. Conclusion: The female students tend to perform better than boys in pre clinical subjects. The number of female medical students is increasing progressively and they out perform their male counterparts both in attendance and internal assessments. The study is documentation of this fact, for future measures that can be done for improvement of male students performance. Keywords: Gender difference, pharmacology, performance
Pentalogy of Cantrell is a very rare condition with very high mortality. We present an adult survivor with a classic pentad who underwent sequential surgical repairs as a neonate, child, and young adult. He required home mechanical ventilation for the first two years of life and subsequently needed noninvasive nocturnal ventilation as an adult.
Introduction: Hyperlipidemia, either primary or secondary causes atherogenetic abnormalities leading to coronary artery disease, cardiac arrest and arrhythmias. Herbal therapy for prevention or cure of Hyperlipidemia is replacing allopathic medicine due to their bioequivalence and good compliance features. This study was conducted to compare hypolipidemic effects of Garlic and Nigella sativa. Place of Study: Study was conducted at Jinnah Hospital Lahore from July 2013 to December 2013. Seventy five hyperlipidemic patients were enrolled after getting written consent which was approved by Ethics committee of the hospital. Grouping: They were divided in three equal groups comprising 25 patients in each group. Group-A was treated by Nigella Sativa, Group-B was advised to take Garlic 10 grams twice daily for two months. Group-C was on placebo. Results: After two months therapy it was observed by statistical analysis that Nigella sativa decreased total cholesterol 12.4 mg/dl, triglycerides 16.7 mg/dl, and LDL cholesterol 27.3 mg/dl. HDL rise was 5.2 mg/dl. Garlic decreased total cholesterol 17.9 mg/dl, triglycerides 19.9 mg/dl and LDL cholesterol 14.8 mg/dl. HDL cholesterol rise was 8.0 mg/dl. Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that there is little difference between hypolipidemic effects of two important and famous herbal medicines ie, Nigella sativa and Garlic.
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