GDM is associated with decreased serum adiponectin levels both in pregnancy as well as postpartum. Adiponectin is negatively correlated to HOMA-IR. A reduction in maternal adiponectin after delivery indicates a significant placental contribution to adiponectin production.

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A 5-year-old girl referred to our division for evaluation of persisting foul-smelling brown vaginal discharge with pruritus for over 2 years, not corresponding to antibiotic therapy. Transabdominal ultrasound identified a heterogeneous mass intensely fixed in the upper third of vaginal wall. Vaginography revealed a filling defect in the upper part of vagina, confirming the diagnosis of an intravaginal foreign body. The foreign body was grasped and removed by traction; it turned out to be a thin double-wrapped piece of sponge. Psychological assessment of the girl was undertaken, in order to illuminate the potential of an underlying emotional and behavioural problem and revealed the existence of psychological disturbances mostly affecting social competence and adaptiveness.

GDM is associated with increased resistin serum levels in term pregnancy as well as postpartum. Resistin is positively correlated to HOMA-IR at 26-28 weeks of gestation. A reduction in maternal resistin after delivery indicates a significant placental or fetal contribution in the production of resistin.

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Cogan's syndrome (CS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that most commonly affects young adults. Major clinical features are interstitial keratitis and vestibuloauditory dysfunction. Associations between CS and systemic vasculitis as well as aortitis also exist. The present report is the first case in the literature of pregnancy associated with Cogan syndrome, which posed a therapeutic challenge. There was a relapse of the ocular symptoms only during the first trimester of pregnancy, but the pregnancy was otherwise uneventful. The relevant literature is reviewed both with regard to the relationship of CS to pregnancy and the therapeutic approach in this situation.

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