The population is decreasing in the regions where agricultural lands are prevalent, agricultural areas are not used effectively and efficiently, and both the afore-said regions and the people living there show a recession with each passing day in terms of economic, social and cultural aspects. This study examines from a different perspective the agritourism, which can be considered as an alternative option for rural development. Accordingly, the main objective of the study is to determine and weight the evaluation criteria for agritourism. Decision-making techniques such as Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process methods have been used for this purpose. 52 evaluation criteria have been determined by common consent through a Delphi study consisting of three rounds. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method has been used for the calculation of specified criteria weights. In this way, it has been aimed to contribute to the studies that will be carried out in order to determine the existence of agritourism potentials in any region.

General structure of saving-investment cycle and the effectiveness of this structure are included in the most significant issues of the financial system. One of the points of intervention in providing an effective saving-investment cycle is possible through channeling the savings toward optimal investment fields. This study aims at detecting the existence of alternative methods in determining optimal selection combination in the risk and revenue perspective of individual and corporate investors who would like to evaluate their savings in capital markets. For this purpose, the applicability of Fuzzy TOPSIS method, one of the multi-criteria decision making techniques in optimal portfolio selection was researched. The applicability of the stock investment alternatives ranked according to Fuzzy TOPSIS method was examined by comparing them to the optimal selection results determined according to Markowitz, one of the modern portfolio management techniques. In the study where performance indexes were used as assessment criteria the results of both methods were discussed in terms of risk at a certain revenue level and revenue at a certain risk level through Johnson and Sharp Indexes. The results obtained determined that the Fuzzy TOPSIS portfolio alternatives created using Fuzzy TOPSIS method revealed quite positive results in terms of performance, revenue and risk and pointed at applicability of Fuzzy TOPSIS method in optimal portfolio selection as well.

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Sanayileşme ile başlayan ve kırdan şehre yönelen göçe paralel olarak ortaya çıkan şehirleşme, beton, cam ve asfaltın çerçevelediği gri bir hayat tarzını insanlara dayatmaktadır. Kendisi ya da bir nesil öncesi köylerden gelmiş olan insanlar, tabiat özlemlerini evlerinde yetiştirdikleri çeşitli bitkiler ve hayvanlarla gidermeye çalışmaktadırlar. Aynı olgu hızlı ve çarpık bir şehirleşme serüveni yaşayan Türkiye’de de kendini göstermektedir. Farklı olma isteği, görüntülü ve basılı yayınların giderek artan tesiri ve pazarlama kanallarının etkin çalışması gibi sebeplerle, bilinen yerli hayvan ve bitki türlerinin yerini alışılmışın dışında ve başka coğrafyalara ait canlılar almıştır. Son yıllarda bu canlılara yönelmiş olan yoğun talebin; bu ürünlerin ithalâtını, üretimini ve perakende satışlarını artırması, bu canlıların çevre açısından tehlikeli olma riskini de artırmaktadır. Başta biyolojik çeşitlilik olmak üzere, insan faaliyetlerini ve sağlığını etkileyen ve kendi anavatanları dışında yayılan bu canlılar, istilâcı yabancı türler (İYT) olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Evlerde beslenen hayvanlar ve bitkiler, ya kaçmak suretiyle ya da çeşitli sebeplerle ev şartlarında bakımlarının yapılamadığı durumlarda acıma hissi ile tabiata salınarak bulaştırılmaktadır. Bazı ülkelerde bu konularda kanunî düzenlemeler ve üretici ve ithalâtçıların gönüllü uygulamaları için prensipler hazırlanmıştır ve hazırlanmaktadır. Ülkemizdeki karantina uygulamaları da dâhil bu konuda yeterli bir kanunî alt yapı mevcut değildir. Bu türlerle mücadele için öncelikle muhtemel olumsuzluklarının ülkemiz ölçeğinde de belirlenmesi ve sıradan bir vatandaştan politika üreticilerine kadar bütün kesimlerde farkındalık yaratılmasına ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmada ikincil veriler ve bilgiler kullanılmak suretiyle söz konusu tehdidin büyüklüğüne ve önemine dikkat çekilmektedir. The Negative Effects Of Imported Ornamentals And Pets On Environment Ornamentals improve environment outdoor and contribute our health, prospect and creativity indoor. Open areas and green corners that are planned well have positive impact on cities and their dwellers. Pets and companion animals have important role as friend of human, which can create a special atmosphere for owner, increase social life and help education of kids. Urbanization which has occurred in parallel to migration from rural areas to cities with industrialization era imposed a grey life style surrounded with concrete, glass and pavement. A person who is emigrated from villages himself or his parents tried to fulfill his desire of nature via growing ornamentals and having pets. Turkey has experienced the same cases. Due to the desire of being different, increasing effect of media, and effective marketing technique, new exotic ornamentals and pets have replaced usual common ones. Rising demand to the exotic plants and animals increased import, production, and retail marketing, which can increase the risk on environment due to these creatures. Those species that live in other places than their origins and have negative effect on biodiversity, human activities or health are described as invasive alien species (IAS). Ornamentals and pets escape to wild or release to wild, which can become IAS. There are legal documents and code of conducts in some countries. Unfortunately there are no legal documents enough including quarantine on IAS in Turkey. In order to control IAS, the impact of IAS should be determined nationwide and awareness should be created from policy makers to ordinary citizens. Getting attention on importance and magnitude of IAS problem caused by ornamental plants and animals by using second hand data was aimed in this paper.

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The concepts of leaders and leadership have been dealt with by many different disciplines, such as psychology and sociology, with the fields of management and political science being foremost, and have become frequent subject matter of academic discussions and research. The first studies in this field took place at the beginning of the 20 th century, with analysis of important personalities that changed the course of the history and shaped societies" futures with their extraordinary abilities and characteristics. It was predominantly these characteristics, as well as behavioral and situational approaches, that formed the basis of these first studies. The objective of this study is to determine which of the six presidents of the Republic of Turkey, who have served or are serving as Head of State, has more of the charismatic leadership characteristics, employing an interdisciplinary methodology in which multi-criteria decision-making methods and techniques are used. Within this context, the traits that a leader and a charismatic leader should have were determined, the weights of these traits were calculated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the calculated weights were used in the Fuzzy TOPSIS method, and the presidents were analyzed from the perspective of charismatic leadership. The results obtained support the predictions made before the study was begun. It was determined that Turgut Ozal, who was the 8 th President of Republic of Turkey, is the most charismatic leader among the selected presidents.

However, this study focuses on the design of port services in accordance with the customer requirements. At this time, the following basic questions have to be answered: What are the customers' expectations from a port? How can these expectations be identified? How can the services be designed or improved to satisfy these expectations? This study searches for the answers to such questions. Further, this study intends to come up with a proposal for designing and developing port services that are capable of satisfying the customer requirements using Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment (FQFD). Subsequently, an existing questionnaire was

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