The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the peripheral blood of newborns of hypertensive mothers. The umbilical cord blood from newborns of 31 hypertensive mothers and 32 healthy mothers were examined. In all subjects, complete blood count, peripheral blood smear, reticulocyte count, vitamin B12, folate, ferritin levels and hemoglobin electrophoresis were performed. The subjects were followed up on for 1 year in terms of infections. RBC, hemoglobin, reticulocyte count and normoblast count were higher in the newborns of hypertensive mothers compared to the control group, and total leukocytes, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, and thrombocyte counts were lower. The number of neutropenic and thrombocytopenic subjects in newborns of hypertensive mothers was higher compared to the control group. On peripheral smears, dysplastic changes in neutrophils and erythrocytes were observed with a higher rate in newborns of hypertensive mothers compared to the control group. HbF levels were found to be higher in newborns of hypertensive mothers compared to the control group. During the follow-up period of 1 year, the number of infections in newborns of hypertensive mothers was found to be higher than the control group. Conclusion: Newborns of hypertensive mothers should be carefully evaluated and monitored in terms of hematologic abnormalities. Complete blood counts and peripheral blood smears can be used as significant parameters for early diagnosis of possible complications.

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Background The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum periostin levels with clinical features in children with asthma. Methods Children with physician‐diagnosed asthma who attended regularly to an outpatient pediatric allergy and asthma center were enrolled in the study along with control subjects. Asthma severity and control status of the patients were evaluated according to the recent GINA guidelines. Results A total of 158 children (125 with asthma and 33 age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects) with a median age of 10.2 years (range 5.9‐17.0) were enrolled. Asthma severity was mild in 41 (32.8%), moderate in 63 (50.4%), and severe in 21 (16.8%) children. Children with asthma had significantly higher periostin levels than controls (53.1 ± 13.1 vs 43.0 ± 11.2 ng/mL, P < .001). The mean serum periostin levels in children with severe asthma (63.8 ± 10.8) were significantly higher than in children with moderate asthma (53.3 ± 12.7) and mild asthma (47.4 ± 11.1) (P < .001). Results of multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated an association between serum periostin levels and asthma severity in children (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.15, P < .001). When analyzed for the best cut‐off value with the highest combined sensitivity and specificity, a cut‐off value of 52 ng/mL for serum periostin level was obtained with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 100%, 50%, 29%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusion Although serum periostin levels are higher in children with asthma, its diagnostic role in identifying children with severe asthma is limited.

The use of tolvaptan to treat both euvolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia has rapidly increased in recent years. However, data on its effects on children, especially newborns and infants, are limited. Here, we present a newborn who developed syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone following an intracranial hematoma drainage operation who was unresponsive to conventional treatments. The infant was successfully treated with tolvaptan, a competitive inhibitor of the vasopressin V2 receptor.

Objective:Studies have demonstrated a significant relationship between maternal fructose intake and metabolic outcome in their offspring. However, there is a paucity of data about the long-term effects of fructose intake on the offspring of fructose-fed dams. Therefore, we planned a study to evaluate the long-term effects of fructose intake on the offspring of dam rats fed a high-fructose diet.Methods:Sixteen virgin female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups. Group 1 received a regular diet and Group 2 a high-fructose diet. Both groups received their experimental diets for 8 weeks before conception. They were mated and continued to feed with their experimental diet during mating and during their pregnancy and lactation periods. After weaning, the offspring from each group were divided into two groups. Group 1A received a regular diet, Group 1B - a fructose diet, Group 2A - a regular diet and Group 2B received a fructose diet. After weaning, the offspring were anesthetized and blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Liver, kidney and retroperitoneal adipose tissue were harvested for histopathological examination. Primary antibodies against inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were determined as early inflammation markers.Results:After weaning, while daily water consumption was found to be significantly higher in Groups 2B and 1B (p<0.01), daily laboratory chow consumption was significantly lower in Groups 1A and 2A (p<0.01). Body weight was significantly higher in Groups 1B and 2B (p<0.01). Serum glucose, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found to be increased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased in Group 2B (p<0.05). The intensities of iNOS staining in the retroperitoneal adipose tissue, COX-2 staining in the liver and both iNOS and COX-2 staining in the kidney were higher in Group 2B (p<0.05).Conclusion:Based on our findings, we believe that the offspring of dams which received a high fructose intake during their pregestation, gestation and lactation periods are at risk of developing metabolic syndrome in their later life only if they continue to receive a high intake of fructose. We therefore propose that the risk of developing metabolic syndrome can probably be reduced by modifying the diet of the offspring after weaning.

Background Many children encounter unusual or “exaggerated” reactions such as large local, atypical or systemic reactions after mosquito bites. Objective The aim of this study was to document the clinical features of children with mosquito allergy and investigate the possible associations between demographic features and type of reactions in this population. Methods Children with large local or unusual reactions after mosquito bites who attended to our outpatient pediatric allergy department were enrolled in the study along with control subjects. Results A total of 180 children (94 with mosquito allergy and 86 age and sex-matched control subjects) with a median age of 6.8 years (IQR 5.5–9.3) were enrolled. Atopy (35.1% vs. 11.6%, p < 0.001) and grass pollen sensitization (28.7% vs. 8.1%, p < 0.001) were significantly more frequent in children with mosquito allergy. Skin prick test with mosquito allergen was positive in only 6 children (6,4%). Grass pollen sensitization was most common in children (28.7%) followed by sensitization to house dust mite (9.6%). 30 children (31.9%) had an accompanying atopic disease such as allergic rhinitis, asthma or atopic dermatitis. Bullae were significantly more frequent in children with asthma (41.7% vs.15.9, p = 0.034). The median duration of symptoms after onset were significantly longer in patients with ecchymosis, with immediate wheals and in children whose symptoms start in 20 min to 4 hours after mosquito bites. Conclusion There is an association between unusual, large local or exaggerated reactions after mosquito bites and allergic diseases in children. The severity of reactions increases with age and particularly in children with atopic background.

Bu araştırmada, yedinci sınıf kütle ve ağırlık konusunda, Tahmin-Gözlem-Açıklama (TGA) yönteminin öğrencilerin akademik başarı ve kavram öğrenmeleri üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, nicel kökenli ön test-son test uygulamalı basit deneysel desen modelindedir. Çalışmanın örneklemini 2019 -2020 eğitim-öğretim yılında Çorum il merkezine bağlı bir devlet ortaokulunda öğrenim gören 19 yedinci sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan başarı testi, kavram haritası ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz, fark analizi ve içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin uygulama öncesindeki başarıları ile uygulama sonundaki başarılarını karşılaştırmak için nonparametrik testlerden Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıralar testi kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerle yapılan görüşmeler ise içerik analizi yoluyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, TGA yönteminin öğrencilerin kütle ve ağırlık konusundaki akademik başarısını anlamlı bir şekilde arttırdığı, öğrencilerin kavram yanılgılarının giderilmesinde, imajlarının olumlu yönde değişmesinde etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda daha büyük örneklemlerle benzer çalışmaların yapılması, aynı konuda farklı yöntemlerin uygulanması gibi çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

The capacity of pumping ground water with wind energy conversion systems in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia was statistically analyzed. Experimental data of half-hourly wind energy measurements made for a period of 5 years (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000) were used in the analysis. Seven horizontal-axis wind turbines with different power ratings were considered in the study. Eight water pumps with different power ratings to be powered by the wind turbines were considered. The numbers of pumps that can be powered by the wind turbines and the daily water pumping capacities at the study sites were analyzed. It was found that there is considerable wind power for pumping underground water for irrigation purposes. The net equivalent values of the annual wind energy generated by the various wind turbines were estimated. The net present value of total revenue generated by wind turbines was determined and it was deduced that the N60/1300 turbine would be an economically profitable investment. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the break-even initial cost of the seven wind-electric conversion systems.