Urothelial papilloma is a rare benign neoplasm composed of a delicate fibrovascular core covered by normal urothelium. In this report, we present a case of an incidentally detected endovesical papillary growth in ultrasound scan (USS) during a routine check-up, suggestive of bladder tumor which was also suggested by CT urography. The tumor was initially managed with transurethral resection and immediate intravesical instillation of mitomycine C 40 mg. The histopathologic assessment of the specimen concluded that the growth was "urothelial papilloma with no atypia or malignancy." Although papilloma is unequivocally benign, it can recur; recurrences can be multiple and can occur years after the initial diagnosis occasionally with progression to carcinoma, hence long-term surveillance is essential. Our case was followed up for a year with no signs of recurrence or progression and long-term surveillance will be done annually.

Background Antimicrobial resistance has a direct impact on the ability to treat common infections, and this was worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Worldwide surveillance studies are lacking and resistance rates vary spatially, so frequent local surveillance reports are required to guide antimicrobial stewardship efforts. This study aims to report our common local uropathogens and their antibiogram profiles in our community during the COVID era. Methods A retrospective study included patients referred to our urology units with urine culture and sensitivity. All bacterial strains were identified, and their antibiotic susceptibilities were tested. Results Out of 2581 urine culture results recruited, 30% showed microbiological proof of infection. The majority, 486 (63.4%), were isolated from females. The most frequent isolates were Escherichia coli (44.4%) and Staphylococcus aureus (17.8%). The resistance rates ranged from 26.9 to 79.7%. Piperacillin-tazobactam antibiotic had the lowest resistance rate. The multi-drug resistance pattern was recorded in 181 (23.9%) of the isolates; 159/597 (26.6%) Gram-negative and 22/160 (13.8%) Gram-positive isolates. Conclusions Alarming rates of antimicrobial resistance were detected, which stresses the significance of following infection control policies and establishing national antimicrobial stewardship standards.

Introduction:The classical way to treat urethral stricture is the direct vision cold knife internal urethrotomy (DVIU). Along with advances in laser technology, laser urethrotomy is widely used, such as neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet, argon, potassium titanyl phosphate, and thulium laser. We aimed to compare thulium laser urethrotomy (TLU) and cold knife visual urethrotomy (CKVU) in terms of short bulbomembranous urethral stricture management.Materials and methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted for 24 months, from January 2018 to January 2020, on 60 patients with primary short bulbo-membranous urethral stricture who came to the

Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy was usually practiced in prone position. However, there is a recent shift towards supine position. This shift needs a continuous practice to increase the surgeon's learning curve. Aims: To give an insight into the learning curve of a single surgeon, capable of doing percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the conventional prone position, during his transition to the supine one using different indicators. Materials and Methods: This study included 80 procedures, equally divided into 4 groups and the following endpoints were recorded and compared among groups: operation and fluoroscopic screening times, volume of the irrigant fluid consumed, postoperative length of hospital stay, stone clearance rate and procedure related morbidity. Results: The mean operation and fluoroscope screening durations showed a statistically significant decline with time. The operative time drop from 117 minutes at the beginning to about the half [60 minutes] after sixth months and working with 80 patients. The fluoroscopy time declined from 3.5 minutes at the beginning to 1.5 minute at the end. Our stone clearance rate continued to improve among groups [with advancement of learning curve] [P = 0.034] without approaching the plateau. Also for other indicators [volume of the irrigant fluid consumed, postoperative length of hospital stay and complications], all showed statistical significant reduction with increased learning curve [P < 0.0001]. Conclusions: Operative time and stone clearance rate continued improvement with increasing learning curve. However, the volume of irrigation fluid, rate and grade of complications and length of postoperative stay reached its plateau after 40 procedures.