BACKGROUND: Obesity has been widely associated with structural and functional changes in the brain, whereas inflammation is one of the potential mechanisms involved in these changes.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to prove the relationship between serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and obesity predictor markers (body mass index and waist to hip ratio) and inflammation (interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) levels in females with obesity.
METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional study method using 33 females with obesity aged 19-23 years, body mass index (BMI) > 27.5 kg/m2, normal blood pressure, normal resting heart rate (RHR), normal hemoglobin (Hb), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≤ 100 mg/dL. The examination of serum BDNF, IL-6, and TNF-α levels using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The data were analyzed using Pearson product-moment test with a significant levels p<0.05.
RESULTS: The results indicated that there is a negative correlation between serum BDNF levels and BMI (r = –0.759; p<0.001), WHR (r = –0.675; p<0.001), IL-6 levels (r = –0.530; p<0.001) and TNF-α levels (r = –0.561; p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the study, there is a negative correlation between serum BDNF levels and BMI, waist to hip ratio, and inflammation (interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) levels in females with obesity. Further studies are needed to confirm the present findings.
This study aimed to analyze the increase in serum BDNF levels after moderate-intensity exercise in obese females. This study used the True-Experimental method with the Randomized Control Group Pre-test-Post-test design. A total of 14 obese female adolescents aged 19-24 years participated in this study and were divided into two groups, i.e., the control group (CG, n=7) and the moderate-intensity exercise group (MIEG, n=7). The exercise was performed with an intensity of 64 – 76 HRmax for 40 minutes using a Richter Treadmill (4.0 HP DC). Moderate-intensity exercise was carried out in one intervention. Blood sampling was carried out before and after moderate-intensity exercise on the cubital vein as much as 3 ml. Examination of serum BDNF levels using the ELISA method. The results of statistical analysis show that the mean pre-test serum BDNF levels were CG (258.66±27.11 pg/mL), MIEG (252.48±23.17 pg/mL), and (p=0.865). The mean post-test serum BDNF levels were CG (236.22±20.83 pg/mL), MIEG (497.73±59.55 pg/mL), and (p=0.001). The mean delta of serum BDNF levels on CG (-22.43±26.04), MIEG (245.25±61.57 pg/mL), and (p=0.002). Based on the study results, it is concluded that a single session of moderate-intensity exercise in the morning increases serum BDNF levels in obese females.
Obesity has been linked to lower cognitive function, while exercise is known to be beneficial in enhancing the cognitive function. Exercise is also known to increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as the biological marker of cognitive function. This study aimed to analyse the pattern of serum BDNF levels after acute interval exercise (MIE) versus acute continuous exercise (MCE) in obese adolescent females. A total of 24 obese females were enrolled in this study and given acute interval exercise and acute continuous exercise with moderate intensity. The serum level of BDNF in all samples was quantified using ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA, and LSD post-hoc test with a 5% significance level. The results revealed pre-exercise mean serum BDNF levels of 254.17±86.90 pg/ml (Control), 263.21±79.82 pg/ml (MIE) and 266.01±33.29 pg/ml (MCE) (P=0.948). The mean serum BDNF levels at 10 min post-exercise were 248.84±44.42 pg/ml (Control), 397.00±31.36 pg/ml (MIE), and 582.82±79.24 pg/ml (MCE) (P=0.000). The mean serum BDNF levels at 6 h post-exercise were 250.05±70.44 pg/ml (Control), 344.50±68.84 pg/ml (MIE), and 364.42±100.87 pg/ml (MCE) (P=0.029). The mean serum BDNF levels at 24 h post-exercise were 244.20±48.55 pg/ml (Control), 252.49±89.11 pg/ml (MIE), and 250.99±65.86 pg/ml (MCE) (P=0.986). It was concluded that serum BDNF in obese adolescent females increased but transiently. Serum BDNF levels increased by acute exercise in both MIE and MCE at 10 min and 6 h post-exercise. However, serum BDNF level at 24 h post-exercise decreased close to the pre-exercise serum BDNF level in all groups. Further research is needed studying the effect of chronic exercise on the kinetics of serum BDNF levels in obese adolescent females.
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