This study investigates the impact of Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR) and Shading Coefficients (SC) as passive design strategies to optimise daylight in an opaque brick Double-Skin Façade (DSF) of an education building in Depok, Indonesia. A sample education building was simulated with DiaLux software for calculating the daylight distribution due to WWR on a daily basis during normal office hours. The optimum amount of window size and glazing were investigated for a typical floor plate area of 315.16m2. WWR was considered from 30% to 60% at 10% intervals in a horizontal and vertical expanding method of window. The simulations were performed in two sky conditions (sunny sky and standard CIE overcast sky) on different dates using glazing material of different SC. The primary findings of this study are that 40% WWR with SC 0.42 and 60% WWR with SC 0.95 achieve the best results for the north and south façade respectively of a DSF building.
Sekolah SMA Budi Mulia memiliki bentuk bangunan memanjang dengan orientasi bukaan jendela langsung menghadap Timur dan Barat. Hal ini memiliki potensi bahwa ruang kelas akan mendapatkan sinar matahari langsung karena orientasi bukaan jendela sesuai dengan pergerakan matahari. Namun potensi ini belum digunakan secara maksimal pada SMA Budi Mulia, terlihat dari masih menggunakan pencahayaan buatan di sepanjang hari. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti ingin meningkatkan desain yang lebih efisien untuk optimalisasi pencahayaan alami dengan pemantul cahaya di kelas sekolah Budi Mulia. Bangunan yang menggunakan cahaya buatan dapat menambah pemakaian listrik, dengan adanya optimalisasi pencahayaan alami diharapkan dapat mengurangi pemakaian listrik yang berdampak pula pada lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental dengan menguji beberapa desain pemantul cahaya. Hasil menunjukkan adanya pemantul cahaya dapat mengoptimalkan pengguaan sinar matahari sebagai pencahayaan dalam ruang kelas.
This paper aims to evaluate the natural and artificial lighting systems for working space at the educational building in Universitas Indonesia. The doctoral working spaces and innovation laboratories are used as the case studies. The evaluation variables include orientation, openings, and lighting placement. The presence of variables can minimize the use of artificial lighting during the operating hours with clear sky conditions according to the SNI. The tools involved in this study are Lux meter and DIALux evo version 9.2 to perform the direct measurement and simulation. This study found that the lighting planning has fulfilled the SNI standards for doctoral working space with a minimum of 350 Lux and innovation laboratories which require 500 Lux. The direct measurement results of lighting range utilizing the natural light show output with an average of 182.8-1,278.1 Lux and the combination with artificial light from 222-1,883.8 Lux. Meanwhile, for the DIALux evo simulation, each room has exceeded the lower limit of lighting criteria between 403-3,739 Lux.
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