Abstract. Lestari P, Budiarti A, Fitriana Y, Susilo FX, Swibawa IG, Sudarsono H, Suharjo R, Hariri AM, Purnomo, Nuryasin, Solikhin, Wibowo L, Jumari, Hartaman M. 2020. Identification and genetic diversity of Spodoptera frugiperda in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1670-1677. Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most recent invasive and destructive insect pest in Indonesia. Recently, it has been reported that this pest was found in some cornfield areas in Sumatera, including Lampung. This research was performed to confirm the presence of S. frugiperda in Lampung Province by collecting and identifying larvae of Spodoptera found in the field as well as investigation on the genetic diversity of the established populations and to observe the damage caused by this pest on cornfields in the Lampung Province. The observation was conducted from February-April 2019 at four locations (districts) representing corn-producing areas in Lampung, namely Lampung Selatan, Lampung Timur, Pesawaran and Pringsewu, each location comprising five plots. The plot is a cornfield with plants aged 14-40 days after planting. Twenty plants were randomly chosen in every plot as plant samples to collect the Spodoptera larvae and to calculate the absolute plant damage caused by the larvae. The absolute plant damage was analyzed by dividing the attacked plants with total plants observed and multiply by 100%. Identification of the Spodoptera larvae was performed based on morphological characters and molecular techniques using sequence analysis of Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The result confirmed that the larvae found in the cornfield in Lampung were S. frugiperda. There was no nucleotides variation in the sequence of COI gene among S. frugiperda found in Lampung Province (Lampung Selatan, Lampung Timur, Pesawaran and Pringsewu) as well as S. frugiperda that was found in corn from foreign countries. The absolute plant damage caused by this pest in the four districts of Lampung was in the range of 26.50-70%.

Abstract. The present study investigates the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of the pulp and the seeds of Ceratonia siliqua. Dried pods (pulp or seeds) were subject to the hydrodistillation for 3 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The two essential oils obtained were characterized by its physicochemical indications. Theses oils were used for the determination of the antioxidant activity by free radical scavenging activity, reducing power and liver lipid peroxidation methods and for the evaluation of the antibacterial properties against referenced tested bacteria. The oil of the pulp presents a high scavenging power of free DPPH radical 89.0 ± 1.2 % at concentration 1000 µg/mL and IC50 7.8 µg/mL compared to the seeds 79.0 ± 1.6 %, IC50 31.25 µg/mL. A significant activity for reducing iron and protection against lipid peroxidation induced by Fe +2 were obtained by the oil of the pulp. The essential oils of carob showed a good antibacterial activity against tested referenced pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aerugenosa ATCC 25853 and Escerichia coli ATCC 25922.

Abstract. The purpose of the present work was to investigate the effect of including date flesh and date powder in the steamed yoghurt processing on some quality during four weeks of storage. In order to obtain the powders, date variety of H'loua was washed, cut into small particles, and then dried at 90 °C during 2 h. Seven steamed yoghurts were manufactured: control prepared by 80 g/L sucrose, yoghurts manufactured by replacement of some quantity of sucrose by 10, 20 and 25 g/L of the date powder and yoghurts prepared by replacement of some quantity of sucrose by 60, 70 and equal quantity 80 g/L of date flesh. All samples were analyzed for some physicochemical, biochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics at 1, 7, 15, 21 and 29 days of storage. The total or partial replacement of the sucrose by date flesh and date powder improves the nutritional quality of the yoghurts such as proteins, fat, ash, and dry mater, but the level of the total sugars was decreased. Results of microbiological analyze showed complete absence of the total and fecal coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, faecal streptococci and Salmonella in all yoghurts prepared and throughout the storage period. Replacement of the sucrose by all types of date improves the sensory characteristics of the yoghurts included taste and texture.

The White-Bellied Planthopper (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) Infesting Corn Plants in South Lampung, Indonesia. Corn plants in South Lampung were infested by newly-found delphacid planthoppers. The planthopper specimens were collected from heavily-infested corn fields in Natar area, South Lampung. We identified the specimens as the white-bellied planthopper Stenocranus pacificus Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), and reported their field population abundance.

Abstract. This study was carried out to determine the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of the carob. The results of preliminary phytochemical assessed showed that the alkaloid bases and salts, flavones aglycones, reducing compounds, fatty acids, polyterpenes, catechin tannins, volatile oils, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, sterol glycosides and terpenes, amino acids and saponins are classes of chemical groups present in the pods of Ceratonia siliqua. The pods are characterized by 87 ± 1.0 % dry matter, 55 ± 0.2 % total sugars, 4 ± 0.1 % proteins, 7 ± 0.4 % lipids, 4 ± 0.3 ash. We have found that the pod has a 10.56 ± 0.2 Na, 0.75 ± 0.1 Zn, 0.55 ± 0.3 Cu, 41.7 ± 0.2 Mg, 210 ± 0.3 Ca and 1150 ± 0.2 mg/100g K. Pods of carob present 71.6 ± 2.10 mg/100g of flavonoids, 56.51 ± 1.02 mg/100g of alkaloids, 41.25 ± 1.36 mg/100g of saponins and 1.18 ± 0.2 mg/100g of tannins. Flavonoids fractions were extracted using organic solvents with different polarity. The ethyl acetate extract has the highest content of polyphenols and flavonoids 259.4 ± 4.2, 71.34 ± 1.08 mg EGA/g E, followed by the n-butanol extract 62.19 ± 0.13, 53.01 ± 0.11, then the crude extract 15.5 ± 0.21, 12.9 ± 0.17 and finally aqueous extract 13.39 ± 0.27, 11.13 ± 0.62. The flavonoids fractions extracted by ethyl acetate and n-butanol showed the higher antioxidant capacity determined by three methods: free radical scavenging activity, reducing power and liver lipid peroxidation compared to the crude exact and aqueous extract.

Diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella) [Lepidoptera: Plutellalidae] is the most important pest of Brasisca vegetable in many part of area in Indonesia. Pest control of this pest has been relied on the use of synthetic insecticide. However prolog use of insecticide cause ecological and economical problems. There is a need for pest control that are sustainable and eviromentally sound. The use of natural (botanical insecticide) such as Ageratum conyzoides is expected to solve that problem. The objective of this research was to test the capability of goatweed suspension to cause mortality P. xylostella larvae and to measure toxicity level (LC50 and LT50) of Ageratum extract. This research was conduched during Juli 2016- February 2017 in green house and laboratory. The results indicated that all of concentration of goatweed (1-5%) was able to cause mortality onP. xylostella larvae. The lethal concentration for 50% mortality (LC50) value was 2,0254%. While the time need to kill 50% of P. xylostella larva were: 33.31 h, 20.68 h, 21.09 h, 12.65 h, 10.86 h treated by concentration of: 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% respectively. This study indicated the potential use of Ageratum extract to contol P. xylostella.

Due to rapid growth of the food processing industry and the consumption of processed foods, the demand for natural antimicrobial agents is on the rise. Cons aware about the health effects of the synthetic preservatives used in food. Hence natural preservatives are developed to meet the demand of consumers. These natural antimicrobials are developed either from plants or their parts, anim waste generated from the food industries is being considered as an alternative to produce natural antimicrobials. The aim of the present study was to utilize the waste generated from the citrus fruit processing (peel) i of Citrus sinensis in food (Oil of olive and cream dessert can be used as antimicrobial and

Keberagaman organisme yang saling berinteraksi dalam suatu ekosistem menentukan stabilitas ekosistem tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemelimpahan dan keanekaragaman Arthropoda pada sistem pertanaman tomat monokultur dan polikultur di Pekon Gisting Permai, Kecamatan Gisting, Kabupaten Tanggamus, Lampung. Penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling atau ditentukan secara sengaja pada tiga blok monokultur serta tiga blok polikultur. Pertanaman polikultur terdiri dari tanaman tomat dan cabai. Setiap blok berukuran 20 m x 20 m. Pengambilan sampel Arthropoda dengan menggunakan tiga perangkap sumuran yang diletakkan secara diagonal serta menggunakan lima tanaman sampel untuk pengamatan tajuk pada setiap blok pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan seluruh Arthropoda yang ditemukan adalah2.559 individu terdiri dari 1.371 individu pada pertanaman monokultur dan 1.188 individu pada pertanaman polikultur. Pada pertanaman monokultur ditemukan sembilan ordo dan 16 famili, sedangkan pada pertanaman polikultur ditemukan sembilan ordo dan 22 famili. Rata-rata nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, Kemerataan dan Kekayaan Jenis pada pertanaman polikultur lebih tinggi dari pada pertanaman monokultur.