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The article describes a systematic investigation of the effects of an aqueous NaOH treatment of 3D printed poly(lactic acid) (PLA) scaffolds for surface activation. The PLA surface undergoes several morphology changes and after an initial surface roughening, the surface becomes smoother again before the material dissolves. Erosion rates and surface morphologies can be controlled by the treatment. At the same time, the bulk mechanical properties of the treated materials remain unaltered. This indicates that NaOH treatment of 3D printed PLA scaffolds is a simple, yet viable strategy for surface activation without compromising the mechanical stability of PLA scaffolds.

This article describes the synthesis of anionic polymer brushes and their mineralization with calcium phosphate. The brushes are based on poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt) providing a highly charged polymer brush surface. Homogeneous brushes with reproducible thicknesses are obtained via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. Mineralization with doubly concentrated simulated body fluid yields polymer/inorganic hybrid films containing AB-Type carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHAP), a material resembling the inorganic component of bone. Moreover, growth experiments using Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae demonstrate that the mineral-free and the mineral-containing polymer brushes have a good biocompatibility suggesting their use as biocompatible surfaces in implantology or related fields.

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Two oppositely charged water-soluble oligosiloxanes with the same main chain were synthesized and used for the formation of multilayer nanocoatings. In spite of low molecular weight of the components, due to entropic reasons, linearly growing and robust films with a hydrophilic surface were formed for the first time. The multilayer films were found to be resistant to high temperature water treatment undergoing only reversible swelling and no surface recovery was observed after prolonged exposure to air indicating permanent water wettability of these silicone-based coatings. High flexibility of the silicone chains resulted in low glass transition temperature (ca. 27 °C) of both dry polyplexes and films as determined using calorimetry and spectroscopic ellipsometry, respectively. Moreover, the thin coating was applied on plasma-treated poly(dimethylsiloxane) preventing surface reconstruction in air and leading to long-lasting hydrophilization of the surface (water contact angles around 65°). Such water-borne systems may be used in common applications of silicones providing high flexibility and at the same time water wettability of the coatings.