The article assesses the level of effectiveness of farms in Poland depending on the economic size. The
analysis included agricultural farms participating in the Polish FADN. The study period covered the years
2012-2015. It was found that with the increase in economic size of farms increased productivity of land,
labor and capital and labor productivity. In the case of land profitability, return on assets and return on
equity growing trend appeared to economic size SO 500 thousand euros, while the above indicators were
analyzed on a much lower level. In addition, during the period considered, there was a decrease in the
efficiency of agricultural farms in Poland, which is unfavorable.
Government regulation plays a crucial role in the formation and development of the economic structure of any modern society. One of the most important financial mechanisms allowing the state to carry out economic and social regulation is the budget. The main purpose of the empirical analysis is to identify common features and differences of the state budgets of Ukraine and Libya. The key indicators of the state budgets of Ukraine and Libya, the dynamics of the structure of budget revenues and expenditures, as well as the dynamics and structure of non-oil revenues of Libya's state budget are analyzed.
This article aims to assess the level of operating surplus as an indicator determining the financial stability of local governments, and to show the amount of financial expenses that prove the investment potential of the government entity. The following methods were used: literature analysis, analysis of budget indicators (income and current expenses, financial expenditure, operating result) and methods of descriptive statistics. The analysis adopted financial data of all types of local government units in Poland: 16 voivodships, 314 poviats and 2478 communes for the years 2014-2017. The conducted analysis allowed for a positive verification of the hypothesis, according to which the operating surplus determines both the level of financial stability and the level of local government units’ investment potential.
The paper analyzes the mergers and acquisitions in the banking sector in Poland, and determined their impact on the structure of the sector and its effectiveness. The analysis was conducted between 2008 and 2013. In the analyzed sector was found growing concentration of capital in the form of mergers and acquisitions. All indications are that this trend will be maintained in subsequent years. Dominant share in the Polish banking sector are entities controlled by foreign investors, but in the period has been a slight decrease in this regard. In the analyzed period made as a result of mergers and acquisitions, we can observe an increase of concentration of the banking sector. In the period 2008-2013 there was a decrease in effectiveness of commercial banks; operation, which was caused by deteriorating macroeconomic situation. It can be said that the continuous consolidation processes in the period 2008-2013 have not influenced an improvement of financial results in the analysed sector, but the effects of these processes can be seen only in the long term.
The aim of the study was to identify threats to the financial stability of rural communes from the Eastern Poland macroregion. Particular attention was paid to the awareness of the impact of specific groups of factors on financial destabilization and the identification of the main threats to the financial stability of municipalities. The method of literature analysis and the method of diagnostic survey with the use of a questionnaire were used. The survey was conducted among representatives of the executive body of rural municipalities in the macroregion of Eastern Poland. The research covered 349 rural minicipalites from five voivodeships located in the Eastern Poland macroregion (74% of all units of this type in this region). Based on the conducted research, it was found that the financial destabilization of the surveyed municipalities, to a greater extent than internal factors, is influenced by external factors related to the instability of economic conditions or the location of the unit (in the case of the analyzed municipalities, close to the border). In the opinion of the respondents, the main threat to the financial stability of municipalities is the growing number of tasks without an adequate increase in financial resources for their implementation and a significant share of expenditure on obligatory tasks, the value of which does not depend on the decisions of local government authorities. Generally, one of the greatest threats to the financial stability of the surveyed entities was those resulting from the incorrect distribution of tasks and public funds.
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