The methylene chloride/methanol extract of K. crenata was ex-B.P. 812 Yaounde, Cameroon. tracted by using hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. The antiin 2 Department of Animal Biology, flammatory profile of these extracts was investigated on the basis of paw edema induced Faculty of Science, University of by carrageenan. The n-butanol fraction (most potent) was further assessed through acute Dschang, BP 67 Dschang, inflammatory models induced by histamine, serotonin, and formalin. The chronic Cameroon. antiinflammatory and the ulcerogenic activities of the n-butanol fraction were 3 Department of Physiological also examined. Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Results: Results: Results: Results: Results: The oral administration of n-butanol fraction (600 mg/kg) caused a maximum and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, inhibition of about 45% in paw edema induced by carrageenan. The n-butanol fraction Cameroon. also exhibited acute antiinflammatory activity on paw edema induced by histamine (47.51%), serotonin (54.71%), and formalin-(40.00%). In the chronic inflammation model,
Sclerocarya birrea is used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. The effect of the stem bark aqueous and methanol extracts of S. birrea (150 or 300 mg/kg) was evaluated on carrageenan-, histamine- or serotonin-induced paw oedema in rats. The methanol extract of S. birrea (300 mg/kg) being the most active, exhibited a maximum inhibition of 75.45 and 55.31% on carrageenan- and histamine-induced inflammation, respectively. When administered at 300 mg/kg, the methanol extract of S. birrea also exhibited 80.68% inhibition on the 10th day and 54.43% inhibition on the 21st day in formalin- or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced paw oedema in rats. GSH level was significantly increased (75.14%), while MAD level was significantly decreased (31.22%) in the liver of CFA rats treated with S. birrea (300 mg/kg). The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous and methanol extracts of S. birrea is due to the inhibition of histamine and prostaglandin pathways and to its antioxidant activity.
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