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EEd du uc ca aç çã ão o e e E Es sc co ol la a n na as s L Le em mb br ra an nç ça as s d do os s G Gu ua ar ra an ni i M Mb by yá á

The theme of the relations between orality and writing can be found in most studies and programs dedicated to the issue of the school education of indigenous populations, but it has seldom been taken as the central problem in understanding the teaching-learning processes in the contexts where schools take part. In fact, authors that deal with this question emphasize almost exclusively writing, and tend to forget about orality. In this sense, associated to the need for a deeper theoretical discussion, one can observe the lack of analyses dedicated to comprehend the role and meaning of writing and orality among the various indigenous peoples. With the purpose of contributing to expand and advance the debate, this article seeks to discuss the theme based on an approach that allows us to move between the reading of specialized texts and reports that register interpretations by Mbya Guarani individuals. The testimonies collected and transcribed during seven years of research and living with the Mbya in different villages in the South and Southeast regions of the country allowed us to reconceptualize orality and writing as important aspects within a wider group of processes of production, acquisition and transmission of knowledge. From this viewpoint, education is conceived in a wide sense that cannot be reduced to schooling.

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Este dossiê busca discutir algumas questões frequentes em etnografias de formações sociais multiétnicas e multilíngues das terras baixas sul-americanas, tais como: a articulação de coletivos pela troca e pelo ritual, a produção de unidades sociais heterogêneas e de larga escala, formas de hierarquia, e modos como diferentes sistemas de parentesco parecem estar associados a configurações distintas de organização supralocal. Neste texto de apresentação procura-se esclarecer alguns dos sentidos que o conceito de “conjunto multicomunitário” pode assumir.

Neste dossiê, reunimos alguns trabalhos que foram apresentados no Painel “Palavras nos Mundos Indígenas” realizado na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), nos dias 22 e 23 de novembro de 2018, durante a XVIII Reunião do International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences – IUAES. A nossa intenção ao propor o Painel era indagar o que são as palavras para os ameríndios com base em descrições de casos etnográficos específicos.

Parentesco™ƒŽ‹ - Bronisław Malinowski