Efeito do tipo de alimentação de cães saudáveis sobre análises clínicas e aspectos comportamentaisObjetivou-se estudar o efeito da alimentação caseira, da ração comercial a granel e da ração comercial fechada para cães adultos sobre análises clínicas e aspectos comportamentais de ingestão das dietas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, com três tratamentos, sendo o tratamento 1 constituído de dieta caseira, o tratamento 2 por ração a granel tipo premium, e o tratamento 3 por ração comercial fechada do tipo premium. Foram utilizados três cães em cada um dos tratamentos, totalizando nove animais. As variáveis analisadas foram: teste de glicemia, odor fecal, escore fecal, volume fecal, análise química da urina (pH urinário, presença de proteína, sangue, corpos cetônicos, bilirrubina e glicose), avaliação visual do pelo e consumo voluntário da dieta. Os cães submetidos à dieta caseira apresentaram menor resultado de glicemia sanguínea (83,90). A urina apresentou pH mais alcalino para cães que receberam a ração a granel (8,06). Cães da dieta caseira apresentaram o mais alto escore para a qualidade do pelo. Houve um maior volume das fezes de cães que receberam a dieta de ração a granel. Cães que receberam a dieta de alimentação caseira ou a ração comercial fechada apresentaram um consumo total do alimento em menos de 10 minutos. A maioria dos resultados foi semelhante entre a dieta caseira e a ração fechada do tipo premium. A ração a granel apresentou os piores resultados.Palavras-chave: alimentação caseira, canino doméstico, ração a granel, ração comercial ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to identify morphological patterns and malignancy criteria of the TVT in cytopathological and histopathological evaluations and relate these characteristics to clinical evolution and response to chemotherapy. Regarding studied animals, sixteen dogs were female and four were male. The age of the animals ranged between one and ten years old. Considering breed, 80% of the dogs were mongrel dogs and 20% were of other breeds. It was found that the cytological samples allowed a better characterization of the cell type than histological ones. The plasmacytoid was the most common morphological type of TVT, followed by the lymphocytoid and mixed standards. There was no difference among the scores for the malignancy criteria and morphological types of TVT. Regarding response to chemotherapy, no morphological type of the TVT showed any difference, but the TVT presents morphological peculiarities that may interfere with tumor behavior, especially those related to increased aggressiveness and that are observed in the plasmacytoid TVT.

Wildfires cause significant changes in natural habitats and can impact lizard populations. Through changes in the thermal environment, reduced prey availability, and increased exposure to parasite vectors, wildfires affect lizard physiology, immunity, and health. We sampled 56 Tropidurus oreadicus lizards from Cerrado savannas of Brazil living in two adjacent sites: one burned 14 days before the study, and the other unburned for 6 years. We logged the air temperatures of those sites throughout fieldwork. We assessed the short‐term possible homeostatic imbalances caused by the fires via measuring body mass, circulating levels of corticosterone (CORT), leukocytes profile changes in heterophile‐lymphocyte ratios (HLRs), innate immunity using the bacterial killing assay (BKA), and the diagnosis of hemoparasites using molecular techniques. The air temperature was significantly higher in the burned site. There was no difference in lizard body mass between the two sites, suggesting that prey availability was not affected by the wildfire. While parasite presence was seemingly not affected by fire, the timing of initial parasite infection for animals in the study was unknown, so we also evaluated parasitism as an independent variable relative to the other metrics. Our results showed that parasitic infections lead to reduced bactericidal capacity and body mass in lizards, suggesting clinical disease and depletion of innate immune resources. Moreover, we observed increased HLR with fire and parasitic infections and a strong negative correlation with BKA. These findings suggest that the increased environmental temperature following wildfires may lead to increased CORT and decreased BKA.

Salmon poisoning disease (SPD) is caused by a rickettsial organism, Neorickettsia helminthoeca, that is carried by the trematode Nanophyetus salmincola, which encysts in freshwater fish, most commonly salmonids. We reported two dogs from the United States West Coast that had similar clinical signs, hematologic and biochemistry findings. They were both diagnosed with salmon poisoning disease. Lymph node cytology showed morula formation, suggestive of N. helminthoeca organisms in macrophages, while the parasitological fecal test found ova of N. salmincola . The dogs were treated early and showed complete remission of clinical signs within a few days. Lymph node cytology and fecal parasitology are quick and low-cost tests that can be performed whenever SPD is suspected. SPD should be considered as a differential diagnosis for a canine patient with clinical signs of vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and lymphadenomegaly; laboratory findings of thrombocytopenia and hypoalbuminemia; and potential exposure to raw fish from the West Coast of the US or Southern Brazil. The earlier the diagnosis and treatment, the greater the chance of survival.

Despite the large distribution of the Yellow-chevroned Parakeet in Cerrado biome, there are few studies on biological parameters in this species. The lack of information on free-living parakeets is a limiting factor for establishing data on the health and conservation status of these species. The aim of this study was to standardize hemogram and blood biochemistry values for specimens of Brotogeris chiriri. Blood samples were collected from 21 young, clinically healthy and free-living specimens from the Cerrado biome. The mean, median, standard deviation and intervals were calculated for the following hematological parameters: packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cells, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), leukocytes, heterophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and thrombocytes; and blood biochemistry parameters: uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein and albumin. Lower values of hemoglobin, MCV and MCHC when compared to the erythrogram interval of species belonging to the same genus and family, as well as a lymphocytic leukogram. The parameters related to blood biochemistry showed differences for alkaline phosphatase, presenting higher means values; and alanine aminotransferase, total protein and albumin, presenting lower means values when compared to other psittacids. This is a pioneer study to establish hematological and biochemical values for Brotogeris chiriri in the Cerrado biome. The importance of developing further studies to determine specific parameters for psittacid species is emphasized, with special regards to the effects of different stages of development, habitats and condition.