The nitrogen fertilization, in general, minimizes the effects of salinity on plants, but the mitigating action depends on plant species, cultivar, soil texture and plant age, among other factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation water salinity and nitrogen fertilization on maize physiology and growth (Zea mays) in soils with different textures. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in Fortaleza City, CE, Brazil, in PVC soil columns (100 x 20 cm). The design was completely randomized using the factorial 2 x 2 x 4, referring to two soils, an Ultisol and a Quartzipsamment, nitrogen doses of 105 and 210 kg ha-1, under irrigation with saline water of 0.5, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 dS m-1, with four repetitions. With the exception of stem diameter, salinity of water impaired plant growth and leaf gas exchanges. The Ultisol provided better growth and physiological responses compared to the Quartzipsamment. The nitrogen doses did not mitigate growth variables except root biomass. The gas exchanges increased with the highest nitrogen dose, without interaction with the salinity.
Supplemental irrigation during dry spells could reduce maize yield losses in tropical semi-arid regions, notably in small farms. However, good quality water reserves are not sufficient to meet the demands of farming communities. Consequently, our objective was to evaluate the productivity and profitability of maize under different simulated rainfall scenarios, with and without supplemental irrigation (SI) with brackish water. The field experiments were carried out during the cropping seasons of 2018 and 2019 on Ultisol. The experiment followed a randomized block design in the split-plot scheme with four replicates. The plots were formed by simulating the water supply in the soil corresponding to four water scenarios (rainy, normal, drought and severe drought), and the sub-plots with or without SI with brackish water (Electrical conductivity of 4.5 dS m -1 ). Mean yields of green maize ears were 13,083, 11,532, 10,358 and 9,609 kg ha -1 for rainy, normal, drought and severe drought scenarios, as supplemented with brackish water. For the same treatments without SI the values were 11,394, 7,896, 3,913 and 1,374 kg ha -1 , respectively. Data on farmer's income showed that under normal, drought and severe drought supplementation with brackish water becomes economically advantageous from 0.9, 1.0 and 2.4 ha, respectively, while maize cultivation without SI is not advantageous under the last two scenarios. For severe drought conditions, however, SI using brackish water reduced commercial yield by 27 % with negative effects on the farmers' profitability. In this case, it is necessary to use water with either lower salinity or select salt tolerant crops.
A B S T R A C TThe development of agriculture in the northeastern semi-arid region depends, at least in part, on the correct exploitation and efficient use of natural resources. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the use of saline water on morphophysiological responses and sensory analysis of 'Boa noite' plants (Catharanthus roseus) in soil fertilized with bovine biofertilizer. A completely randomized design was used in the split plot arrangement, the plots being formed by the five irrigation water salinity levels (0.5, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 dS m -1 ), and the subplots by two frequencies of application of the 150 mL pot -1 of liquid bovine biofertilizer (divided into one and five times), with five replicates. The analysed variables were: leaf gas exchange relative chlorophyll index, biometry, dry matter (leaf, stems, flowers and roots) and sensory analysis (general appearance and buyers' preference). Quantitative (growth and physiological) and qualitative (sensory analysis) responses show that Catharanthus roseus plants can be produced using saline water at the level of 2.5 dS m -1 , and the plants of this treatment were preferred by the judges in sensory analysis. Biofertilizer application frequency did not attenuate the effects of salinity. Therefore, the liquid bovine biofertilizer can be applied all at once, reducing costs.Respostas quantitativas e qualitativas de Catharanthus roseus à salinidade e biofertilizante R E S U M O O desenvolvimento da agricultura no semiárido nordestino depende, sobretudo, da exploração correta e do uso eficiente dos recursos naturais. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos do uso de águas salinas, em solo adubado com biofertilizante bovino, sobre as respostas morfofisiológicas e na qualidade (análise sensorial) de plantas de Boa noite (Catharanthus roseus). Usou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com tratamentos arranjados em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas formadas por cinco níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação (0,5; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10 dS m -1 ) e as subparcelas por duas frequências de aplicação da dose de 150 mL de biofertilizante bovino líquido por vaso (dividida em uma e cinco vezes), com cinco repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: trocas gasosas foliares índice relativo de clorofila, biometria, matéria seca de folhas, hastes, flores e raízes e análise sensorial (aparência geral e preferência dos compradores). Com as análises quantitativas (crescimento e fisiológicas) e qualitativas (análise sensorial), notou-se que plantas de Catharanthus roseus de cor branca podem ser produzidas utilizando-se água salina em nível de 2,5 dS m -1 , sendo as plantas deste tratamento as preferidas dos julgadores na análise sensorial. A frequência de aplicação do biofertilizante não atenuou os efeitos da salinidade. Desta forma, pode-se aplicar o biofertilizante bovino líquido de uma única vez, diminuindo custos. Key words:ornamental plants salt tolerance sensory analysis Palavras-chave: plantas ornamentais tolerância à salinidade análise sensorial
INFLUÊNCIA DA IRRIGAÇÃO SUPLEMENTAR COM ÁGUAS RESIDUÁRIAS SOBRE AS TROCAS GASOSAS FOLIARES DO ALGODOEIRO ADRIANA CRUZ DE OLIVEIRA1; ANTONIO FLAVIO BATISTA DE ARAUJO2; CLAUDIVAN FEITOSA DE LACERDA3; JUVENALDO FLORENTINO CANJÁ4; LUCIANA LUZIA PINHO5 E NAARA IORRANA GOMES SOUSA6 1 Mestranda no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará-UFC, Av. Mister Hull, s/n -Pici, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Bloco 804, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. E-mail: drica_fj@hotmail.com.br 2 Doutorando no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará-UFC, Av. Mister Hull, s/n -Pici, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Bloco 804, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. E-mail: antonioflaviobatistadearaujo@gmail.com 3 Professor Titular do Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará-UFC, Av. Mister Hull, s/n -Pici, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Bloco 804, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. E-mail: cfeitosa@ufc.br 4Mestrando no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará-UFC, Av. Mister Hull, s/n -Pici, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Bloco 804, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. E-mail: batchijuve@gmail.com 5 Mestranda no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará-UFC, Av. Mister Hull, s/n -Pici, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Bloco 804, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. E-mail: englucianaufc@gmail.com 6 Mestranda no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará-UFC, Av. Mister Hull, s/n -Pici, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Bloco 804, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. E-mail: naara_iorrana@hotmail.com 1 RESUMO O uso de águas residuárias na irrigação tem crescido como suplementação para driblar a escassez hídrica. Contudo, pouco se sabe sobre as respostas das culturas sobre sua aplicação. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar os impactos da irrigação suplementar com águas residuárias tratadas sobre as trocas gasosas do algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L), simulando-se cenários hídricos considerados normais, seca e seca severa, na presença e ausência de NPK. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Russas – CE, em área vizinha à lagoa de estabilização da CAGECE – Companhia de Água e Esgoto do Estado do Ceará, em DBC, no esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas, com quatro blocos. As parcelas foram cenários hídricos (normal, seca e seca severa); a subparcela foi a suplementação ou não com água residuária tratada nos veranicos simulados; a subsubparcela foi a aplicação ou não de NPK. A cultivar utilizada foi BR 433. Aos 25 dias após a semeadura foram analisadas fotossíntese, transpiração, concentração interna de CO2 e temperatura foliar. Os cenários de seca e seca severa apresentaram pequeno impacto sobre as trocas gasosas foliares do algodoeiro. Entretanto, a irrigação suplementar reduziu a temperatura foliar e atenuou os efeitos do cenário de seca sobre a fotossíntese, independente da aplicação ou não de NPK. Palavras-chave: Gossypium hirsutum L, Reúso de água, Seca. OLIVEIRA, A. C. de; ARAUJO, A. F. B. de; LACERDA, C. F. de; CANJÁ, J. F.; PINHO, L. L.; SOUSA, N. I. G. INFLUENCE OF SUPPLEMENTAL IRRIGATION WITH WASTEWATER ON COTTON LEAF GAS EXCHANGE 2 ABSTRACT The use of wastewater in irrigation has grown as a supplement to circumvent water scarcity. However, little is known about the responses of cultures to its application. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the impacts of supplementary irrigation with treated wastewater on gas exchange of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L), simulating water scenarios considered normal, drought and severe drought, in the presence and absence of NPK. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Russas - CE, in an area next to the stabilization pond of CAGECE - Companhia de Agua e Esgoto do Estado do Ceará, in DBC, in the subdivided plot scheme, with four blocks. The plots were water scenarios (normal, drought and severe drought); the subplot was supplemented or not with wastewater treated in the simulated summer days; the sub-installment was the application or not of NPK. The cultivar used was BR 433. At 25 days after sowing, photosynthesis, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration and leaf temperature were analyzed. The drought and severe drought scenarios had little impact on the cotton leaf gas exchange. However, supplementary irrigation reduced leaf temperature and attenuated the effects of drought scenario on photosynthesis, whether or not NPK was applied. Keywords: Gossypium hirsutum L, Water reuse, Drought.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.